This article discusses ratings of visual discomfort from glare across different buildings located in Singapore. These data were used to determine if range effects influence the vertical illuminance values for same when category rating procedure is used. The effect occurs maxima and minima (i.e. range) vary buildings. Our analyses showed that with a higher building, mean value criterion also inc...

Shading and daylighting systems affect cooling, heating, lighting energy use by modulating solar radiation through the building façade. Characterizing shading holistically accurately helps designers engineers evaluate to achieve non-energy performance goals. These complex fenestration can be modeled using Bidirectional Scattering Distribution Functions (BSDF), which map incident hemispherical d...

We briefly describe GLARE, a domain-independent system to acquire, represent and execute clinical guidelines, which as been developed since 1997 in a joint cooperation between Computer Sciences Departments and Az. Ospedaliera S. Giovanni Battista in Turin, one of the largest hospitals in Italy. A demo of the (prototypical) system is also available.

Lighting conditions of eight schoolrooms were investigated in order to obtain the appropriate lighting standards for schoolroom. The following results were obtained. 1) Lighting standards, which are applicable to schoolroom, were proposed by introducing a partial modification of Moon and Spencer's standards. 2) Generally, the values of delos, which is introduced by Moon and Spencer, were insuff...

AIM To investigate the independent factors associated with photic phenomena in patients implanted with refractive, rotationally asymmetric, multifocal intraocular lenses (MIOLs). METHODS Thirty-four eyes of 34 patients who underwent unilateral cataract surgery, followed by implantation of rotationally asymmetric MIOLs were included. Distance and near visual acuity outcomes, intraocular aberra...

Starting from measured scene luminances, we calculated the retinal images of High Dynamic Range (HDR) test targets. These test displays contain 40 gray squares with a 50% average surround. In order to approximate a natural scene the surround area was made up of half-white and half-black squares of different sizes. In this display, the spatial-frequency distribution approximates a 1/ f function ...

A method is presented for quantitative measurements of the glare effect of light scattered in the ocular media. The contrast sensitivity function is measured with a television display system. A bright light source is introduced into the field of vision, and the resultant decrease in contrast sensitivity is mea-ured. It is further used to calculate a scattering factor which is a direct measure o...