Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a common diabetes-related complication, is the leading cause of progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end‑stage renal disease. Despite the rapid development in the treatment of DN, currently available therapies used in early DN cannot prevent progressive CKD. The exact pathogenic mechanisms and the molecular events underlying DN development remain unclear. Gins...

American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium) is valued in traditional Asian medicine, and its use in Western countries has increased in recent years. The value of artificially-cultivated ginseng is much lower than that of woods-cultivated or wildcollected ginseng, but populations of the latter are threatened throughout its range. Our goal is to identify what factors influence the concentration of the...

Tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP), an analog of hydroperoxide, induced characteristic changes of senescence in human diploid fibroblasts WI-38 cells. It was reported that ginsenoside Rg1, an active ingredient of ginseng, ameliorated learning deficits in aged rats. The present study was aimed to investigate whether ginsenoside Rg1 can delay the premature senescence of WI-38 cells induced by t-BHP...

Despite regular exercise benefits, acute exhaustive exercise elicits oxidative damage in liver. The present study determined the hepatoprotective properties of ginsenoside-Rg1 against exhaustive exercise-induced oxidative stress in rats. Forty rats were assigned into vehicle and ginsenoside-Rg1 groups (0.1 mg/kg bodyweight). After 10-week treatment, ten rats from each group performed exhaustive...

We investigated the effect of ginsenoside Rb1 on cardiac function and remodeling in heart failure (HF). Four weeks after HF induction, the rats were administrated with ginsenoside Rb1 (35 and 70 mg/kg) and losartan (4.5 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. Losartan was used as a positive control. Cardiac function was assessed by measuring hemodynamic parameters. Histological changes were analyzed by HE and Mass...

Panax ginseng (family Araliaceae) which contains ginsenoside Rb1 as a main constituent is traditionally used as a remedy for cancer, inflammation, stress, and ageing. The ginsenoside Rb1 in orally administered ginseng is metabolized to bioactive compounds by gut microbiota before their absorptions to the blood. However, its metabolizing activities in individuals are significantly different as w...

BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by sustained vasoconstriction, enhanced vasoreactivity and vascular remodeling, which leads to right heart failure and death. Despite several treatments are available, many forms of PH are still incurable. Ginsenoside Rb1, a principle active ingredient of Panax ginseng, exhibits multiple pharmacological effects on cardiovascular system, an...

This study comprehensively investigated the physicochemical properties, nutritional constituents, and antioxidant activity of ginseng sprouts (GS) according to roasting process. The fatty acid mineral contents GS were almost unchanged, but free amino decreased. Moreover, ginsenoside decreased during process, whereas total phenolics flavonoids, Maillard reaction products, phenolic flavonol incre...

Ginsenoside Rb1 is a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of spinal cord ischemia‑reperfusion injury (SCII), although it has not yet been investigated in depth. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of ginsenoside Rb1 treatment on SCII and aquaporin‑4 (AQP4) expression in the rat spinal cord. Experimental animals were subjected to one of four conditions, including...