The Effect One hundred years ago, the Gestalt psychologist Max Wertheimer published the first detailed study of the apparent visual movement seen when two adjacent lights are flashed sequentially (see Kolers, 1972). Apparent movement can be created by presenting any two identical pictures successively, with the second shifted slightly in position relative to the first. Figure 73-1a shows a very...

Background in cognitive ethnomusicology. Arabic music theory can benefit from new perspectives on music understanding offered by psychological and cognitive research. In particular the perception of musical structure may be explained with the help of Gestalt theory, or other theories of music segmentation and hierarchy (for instance, Lerdahl and Jackendoff, 1983). Particular questions relate to...

The book provides a practical model for helping clients with the gamut of self-medicating behaviors-substance and alcohol abuse, overeating, gambling, overworking, rage, and others-and describes a recovery program as a system created to change one's lifestyle over time through the development of disciplines that ultimately shape one's life. The volume will also be helpful to therapists in other...

The objects we perceive exhibit structures and properties which are not indigenous to the world as it is in itself. Thus whilst the two horizontal lines in the Miiller-Lyer illusion are objectively of equal length, they are experienced as being such that one is shorter than the other. There is a distinction between the structure as we experience it, the perceived Gestalt, and the underlying aut...

Similarity, one of six Gestalt principles, is one of the most intuitive ways to perceive the world and categorise the objects surrounding us. The notion of similarity plays an important role in many areas, and it is important to simulate human perception of similarity in order to obtain satisfying results in various applications. We draw our inspiration from Tversky’s work on similarity and def...

[email protected] Abstract: The paper reviews a number of concepts and mature theories in the psychological literature on memory and forgetting. Six theories of forgetting are outlined. Issues are reviewed concerning the correspondence between concepts in psychology and knowledge management and engineering. Of the six theories, the motivated forgetting theory and the displacement theory are r...

These experiments show that the perceptual organization of a multielement display affects both the speed and accuracy with which a target letter in it is detected. The first two experiments show that a target is detected more poorly if it is arranged in good form {a perceptual Gestalt} with noise elements than if it is not. This effect is not confounded with target-noise proximity or display si...

Automated recognition of unconstrained handwriting continues to be a challenging research task. In addition to the errors caused by image quality, image features, segmentation, and recognition, in this paper we have also explored the influence of image complexity on handwriting recognition and compared humans’ versus machines’ recognition. We describe a new methodology that will exploit the gap...

Design of educational multimedia rarely starts from scratch, but rather by attempting to reuse existing software. Although redesign has been an issue in research on evaluation and on learning objects, how it should be carried out in a principled way has remained relatively unexplored. Furthermore, understanding how empirical research on information and communication technologies (ICT) should fe...

Strategic alignment or ‘‘fit’’ is a notion that is deemed crucial in understanding how organizations can translate their deployment of information technology (IT) into actual increases in performance. While previous theoretical and methodological works have provided foundations for identifying the dimensions and performance impacts of the strategic alignment between IT, strategy, and structure,...