a brass vortex tube (vt) with interchangeable parts is used to determine the optimum cold end orifice diameter, main tube length and diameter. experiments were carried out to study the effects of operating pressure as well. it is shown that there is an optimum value for cold end orifice diameter, which is equal to 4mm and there is an optimum value for cold and hot exit temperature difference at...

The Gauss–Bonnet formula finds applications in various fundamental fields. Global or local analysis on the basis of this is possible only integral form since depends choice a simple region an orientable smooth surface S. objective present paper to construct differential relation metric properties concerned at point Pointwise S through relation, which expected provide new geometrical insights in...

In this study, free vibration of functionally graded rectangular plates for various types of boundary conditions has been presented . The properties of the plate are assumed as power- law form along the thickness direction , while poisson's ratio is kept constant. the linear vibration equations of functionally graded rectangular plates are derived based on first order shear deformation theory b...

We prove that any complex differential equation with two monomials of the form z ˙ = a k ¯ l + b m n , non-negative integers and ∈ C has one limit cycle at most. Moreover, we characterise when such exists then it is hyperbolic. For an arbitrary above form, also solve centre-focus problem examine number, position, type its critical points. In particular, Berlinskiĭ-type result regarding geometri...

The brittle portion of the Earth’s lithosphere contains a distribution of joints, faults and cataclastic zones that exist on a wide range of scale-lengths and usually have complex geometries including bends, jogs, and intersections. The material around these complexities is subjected to large stress concentrations, which lead during continuing deformation to the generation of new fracture and g...

in this paper, the finite element analysis of stability problem of vehicle composite drive shafts subjected to torsional loading is studied. first, using the minimum total potential energy principle, the governing equations are derived and then they are solved by finite element method. the initial geometrical imperfection which is usually in the form of radial displacement, is taken into consid...

We capture the well-known off-shell as well as the on-shell nilpotent BecchiRouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) and anti-BRST symmetry invariance(s) of the Lagrangian densities of the four (3 + 1)-dimensional (4D) 1-form (non-)Abelian gauge theories within the framework of the superfield formalism. In particular, we provide the geometrical interpretations for (i) the above nilpotent symmetry invariance(s...