Public Participatory Geographical Information Systems (PP GIS) is a field of research that focuses on the use of GIS by the general public and aims at involving citizens in a decision-making processes. PP GIS applications increasingly use the Internet as a platform for communication and dissemination of information. They link community participation and geographic information in a diversity of ...

Three-dimensional geographic information systems (3D GIS) attempt to understand and express the real world from the perspective of 3D space. Currently, 3D GIS perspective carriers are mainly 2D and not 3D, which influences how 3D information is expressed and further affects the user cognition and understanding of 3D information. Using mixed reality as a carrier of 3D GIS is promising and may ov...

This article describes conceptions of geospatial information (GI) as they are perceived amongst Geographic Information System/ Science (GIS) academics and students in three GIS online distance learning (ODL) programmes in the UK and US, through an embedded exploratory multiple case study. We highlight the user input element of GI that emerged in the conceptions of GI. Using this element, we unc...

Significant research effort has been focusing on using GIS for advanced spatial statistics, modeling, and simulation. This paper argues that even though GIS have great potential to facilitate sophisticated spatial modeling and spatial statistics, the simple but important theme of combining spatial information with statistical analysis has not received enough attention and should not be neglecte...

To improve the customer service level, tobacco companies in China use the strategy of direct delivery. But this strategy has a great influence on the local company’s operation cost. In this paper, a distribution planning of the local company is made to decrease the operation cost. The distribution planning includes the location and choice of the distributed centers and the transferring points. ...

In any disease surveillance system, lot of data for multiple diseases is collected and analysed to prevent occurrence of an outbreak. These analysis are mainly done through table and graphs. Although, tabular and graphical representation represents all of the requested data but, it remains very difficult to fully understand the patterns and trends buried in them or make quick and effective comp...

This paper introduces a process for developing Web GIS (Geographic Information Systems) applications. This process integrates the NDT (Navigational Development Techniques) approach with some of the Organizational Semiotic models. The use of the proposed development process is illustrated for a real application: the construction of the WebMaps system. WebMaps is a Web GIS system whose main goal ...

Good acquaintance with an organization’s business rules is an undeniable success factor in a decision-making process. In environmental studies, decisions are multidisciplinary, rule oriented and are very much related to spatiality. SPeCS (Spatial Decision Support Collaborative System) is a framework which intends to support the aspects of multi-criteria spatial analysis within a distributed GIS...

The three dimensional Geographic Information System (3D GIS) is an area of intensive investigations. A 3D GIS should be a system capable of maintaining and analyzing 3D spatial and thematic properties of real geographic objects. Most of the research efforts concentrate on stand-alone solutions. However, recent innovative technologies developed on the World Wide Web allow client-server alternati...