due to the lack of specified linage and parentage information from exotic broodstocks of litopenaeus vannamei shrimp, in iran and multiple breeding of closed broodstock populations, also concern about the low level of genetic diversity and accumulated inbreeding and in order to comparison of the genetic variability indices and analysis of the genetic differentiation, total of 30 samples from bo...

obesity is currently considered as a serious global health problem which is influenced by environmental and genetic factors. association of genetic variants with obesity is widely scrutinized in recent years. the aim of this study was to evaluate present data on genetics of obesity in iranian population in a systematic review study. to obtain all related studies, google scholar, pubmed, and per...

This paper introduces the notions of quasi species and error threshold from molecular evolutionary biology The error threshold is a critical mutation rate beyond which the e ect of selection on the population changes drastically We reproduce using GAs and hence nite populations some interesting results obtained with an analytical model using in nite populations from the evo lutionary biology li...

Iranian bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) is an endangered livestock breed with distribution in northwest of Iran. Microsatellites are a powerful marker for animal genetic and cell line identification and population genetic study. In this study, after producing more than 40 Camelus bactrianus fibroblast cell lines, microsatellites loci from the genome of Iranian Camelus bactrianus cell lines ...

This paper investigates fitness sharing in genetic programming. Implicit fitness sharing is applied to populations of programs. Three treatments are compared: raw fitness, pure fitness sharing, and a gradual change from fitness sharing to raw fitness. The 6and 11-multiplexer problems are compared. Using the same population sizes, fitness sharing shows a large improvement in the error rate for b...