Reaction times (rts) are an important source of information in experimental psychology. Classical methodological considerations pertaining to the statistical analysis of rt data are optimized for analyses of aggregated data, based on subject or item means (c.f., Forster & Dickinson, 1976). Mixedeffects modeling (see, e.g., Baayen, Davidson, & Bates, 2008) does not require prior aggregation and ...

Kuznetsov independence of variables X and Y means that, for any pair of bounded functions f(X) and g(Y ), E [f(X)g(Y )] = E [f(X)] E [g(Y )], where E [·] denotes interval-valued expectation and denotes interval multiplication. We present properties of Kuznetsov independence for several variables, and connect it with other concepts of independence in the literature; in particular we show that st...

abstract background: the aim of this study was to compare the effects of the second- and third-generation oral contraceptives on women’s reproductive sexual function. materials and methods: this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on 82 married women of reproductive age in tehran. samples were randomized into the groups receiving second- and third-generatio...

Robots with many degrees of freedom with one fixed end are known as tentacle robots due to their similarity to the tentacles found on squid and octopus. Tentacle robots offer advantages over traditional robots in many scenarios due to their enhanced flexibility and reachability. Planning practical paths for these devices is challenging due to their high degrees of freedom (DOFs). Sampling-based...

Tensor product smooths provide the natural way of representing smooth interaction terms in regression models because they are invariant to the units in which the covariates are measured, hence avoiding the need for arbitrary decisions about relative scaling of variables. They would also be the natural way to represent smooth interactions in mixed regression models, but for the fact that the ten...