BACKGROUND The exploitation of the surface display system of food and commensal lactic acid bacteria (LAB) for bacterial, viral, or protozoan antigen delivery has received strong interest recently. The Generally Regarded as Safe (GRAS) status of the Lactococcus lactis coupled with a non-recombinant strategy of in-trans surface display, provide a safe platform for therapeutic drug and vaccine de...

Open Access Colonoscopy has been widely used as a screening modality for colorectal cancer and in the treatment of colon disorders. Generally, colonoscopy is safe, well tolerated, and recognized as a standard diagnostic and treatment method for colon disorders. Cecal intubation (CI) is one of the proposed quality indicators for colonoscopy.

Lactobacillus species are commensal bacteria that have long been recognized as probiotic microbes and are generally regarded as safe (GRAS) for human consumption. We have investigated the use of L. gasseri as a vaccine vector for oral immunization against mucosal pathogens. Recent research has shown that the immune response to different lactobacilli can vary widely depending on the species or s...

In nature, living cells and organisms have evolved, over billions of years, an astonishing suite of mechanisms that are used to detect and respond to diverse, transient and long-term external stimuli (Khalil and Collins, 2010). Whole-cell bioreporters (WCBs; sometimes referred to colloquially as whole-cell biosensors) are characterized as cells (termed chassis) that have been deliberately modif...

The plant-specific GAI-RGA-and-SCR (GRAS) family of proteins function as transcriptional regulators and play critical roles in development and signalling. Recent structural studies have shed light on the molecular functions at the structural level. The conserved GRAS domain comprises an α-helical cap and α/β core subdomains. The α-helical cap mediates head-to-head heterodimerization between SHR...

The function of free amino acids in protein synthesis, as a source energy and unique roles catabolism have been well studied plant development but their postharvest fruit vegetables has received little attention. This study evaluated 11 acids—arginine, alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic glycine, ornithine, phenylalanine, serine, tyrosine, tryptophan valine—on the senescence broccoli. Broccoli flo...

Background:Salmonella Enteritidis phage type 8 (PT8) is a major poultry-associated Salmonella strain implicated in foodborne outbreaks in the United States. We previously reported that two plant-derived compounds generally recognized as safe (GRAS), trans-cinnamaldehyde (TC), and eugenol (EG), significantly reduced S. Enteritidis colonization in broiler and layer chickens. To elucidate potentia...

Campylobacter jejuni is a major foodborne pathogen that causes severe gastroenteritis in humans characterized by fever, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps. In the human gut, Campylobacter adheres and invades the intestinal epithelium followed by cytolethal distending toxin mediated cell death, and enteritis. Reducing the attachment and invasion of Campylobacter to intestinal epithelium and expressi...