L-type Ca2+ channels (LTCCs) drive the bulk of voltage-gated Ca2+ entry in vertebrate inner ear hair cells (HCs) and are essential for mammalian auditory processing. LTCC currents have been implicated in neurotransmitter release at the HC afferent active zone, the ribbon synapse. It is likely that LTCCs play a direct role in vesicle fusion; however, the subcellular localization of the channels ...

Drug delivery of combined cytotoxic and antivascular chemotherapies in multidrug nanoassemblies may represent an attractive way to improve the treatment of experimental cancers. Here we made the proof of concept of this approach on the experimental LS174-T human colon carcinoma xenograft nude mice model. Briefly, we have nanoprecipitated the anticancer compound gemcitabine conjugated with squal...

Here the recent developments in GEM, a quite comprehensive Gyrokinetic Electromagnetic (GEM) turbulence code are described. GEM is a δf particle turbulence simulation code that has kinetic electrons and electromagnetic perturbations. The key elements of the GEM algorithm are: (1) the parallel canonical formulation of the gyrokinetic system of equations [1]; (2) an adjustable split-weight scheme...

In previous work, we found that gain-of-function mutations that hyperactivate GEM-1 (an SLC16A transporter protein) can bypass the requirement for GON-2 (a TRPM channel protein) during the initiation of gonadogenesis in C. elegans. Consequently, we proposed that GEM-1 might function as part of a Mg(2+) uptake pathway that functions in parallel to GON-2. In this study, we report that CATP-6, a C...

BACKGROUND/AIM Gemcitabine (GEM) has antiproliferative effects on lymphocytes, which are potent pathogenic actors of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of the study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of GEM on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). MATERIALS AND METHODS Arthritis was induced by the intradermal injection of chicken type II collagen with incomplete Freund's adjuvant into a...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess the activity of clinically used drugs and to define the most effective treatment scheme in human gastric cancer cell lines. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Cytotoxic activity was evaluated by sulforhodamine B assay, potential clinical activity was estimated by relative antitumor activity, and the type of drug interaction was assessed using the method of Cho...

[1] We measured gaseous elemental mercury (GEM), particulate mercury (PHg), and reactive gaseous mercury (RGM), along with CO, ozone, and aerosol scatter at the Mount Bachelor Observatory (2.7 km above sea level), Oregon, from May to August 2005. The mean mercury concentrations (at standard conditions) were 1.54 ng/m (GEM), 5.2 pg/m (PHg), and 43 pg/m (RGM). RGM enhancements, up to 600 pg/m, oc...

With the number of individuals becoming overweight or obese, health care professionals are in need of accurate, reliable, and convenient tools to help personalize weight-loss programs. Recently, a new handheld indirect calorimeter (i.e., MedGem/BodyGem; also know as "Gem") was introduced as a convenient way to assess resting metabolic rate (RMR) to determine daily energy needs. Several validati...

BACKGROUND The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the anticancer activity of Noscapine (Nos) and Gemcitabine (Gem) combination (NGC) against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to elucidate the underlying mechanism of action. METHODS Isobolographic method was used to calculate combination index values from cytotoxicity data. In vitro antiangiogenic and apoptotic activity of Nos, Gem...