BACKGROUND In March, 2016, the UK Government proposed a tiered levy on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs; high tax for drinks with >8 g of sugar per 100 mL, moderate tax for 5-8 g, and no tax for <5 g). We estimate the effect of possible industry responses to the levy on obesity, diabetes, and dental caries. METHODS We modelled three possible industry responses: reformulation to reduce sugar co...

Background: A number of reports suggest that we need to determine public understanding about the broad determinants of health and also determine public support for actions to reduce health disparities in Canada. Methods: A cross-sectional random survey of 5,000 Saskatoon residents was used to determine knowledge about health determinants and health disparity and then determine public support fo...

Aims: African-Americans, in particular women, exhibit disproportionate levels of hypertension, inflammation, and oxidative stress compared to other ethnic groups. The relationship between prehypertension, renal function, inflammation, and oxidative stress was examined. Methods: Twenty-eight African-American women (53.5 8 1.1 years) followed an AHA diet and then underwent 24-hour ambulatory BP (...

•Quantitative measurement of molecular ratchets with differing power strokes•The all catalyze the same amount fuel to waste reach their steady state•The kinetic asymmetry is not influenced by a stroke•Power strokes influence total energy stored and form in which it Biology uses chemically fueled machines essential processes life. A large-scale energetically downhill structural change, termed “p...

The immunosuppressive cyclosporine A derivative, O-hydroxyethyl-D(Ser)-cyclosporine (SDZ IMM 125), was examined for its ability to induce apoptosis in rat hepatocytes cultured for 4 or 20 h. Four hours after SDZ IMM 125 treatment, chromatin condensation and fragmentation, and the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeled and Annexin V-positive cells i...

The purpose of writing this review on Hollow microspheres is to compile the recent literature with special focus on the principal mechanism of floatation to achieve gastric retention. Hollow microsphere promises to be a potential approach for gastric retention. The recent developments of FDDS including approaches to design single-unit and multiple-unit floating systems, mechanism of floating mi...

s or publications on related mutants appear at the Checklist for publications same time, authors should exchange seeds for complementation tests. If allelism is confirmed, then the proCommunity standards for research publications dealing with Arabidopsis mutants are needed to identify potential cedures outlined above should be followed to establish a conflicts in gene nomenclature. The followin...

Total magnetic fields in spiral galaxies, as observed through their total synchrotron emission, are strongest (up to ≃ 30 μG) in the spiral arms. The degree of radio polarization is low; the field in the arms must be mostly turbulent or tangled. Polarized synchrotron emission shows that the resolved regular fields are generally strongest in the interarm regions (up to ≃ 15 μG), sometimes formin...

Production of mature mRNAs that encode functional proteins consists of highly complex pathways of synthesis, processing, and surveillance. Along the maturation process, the mRNA transcript is scrutinized by quality control machinery at numerous steps. The extensive RNA surveillance ensures that only correctly processed mature mRNAs are translated and precludes production of aberrant transcripts...

A servo adjustable gripper device for gripping and transporting at least two objects such as boxes includes a frame and at least two gripper assemblies connected with carriages slidably connected with the frame. The gripper device further includes a robotic arm which controls further movement and placement of the boxes on a pallet. The position of the gripper assemblies on the frame is adjustab...