About 10% of bipolar cells in salamander retina synthesize and take up gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and may use GABA as a neurotransmitter. As GABA uptake is electrogenic, bipolar cells expressing GABA transporters (GATs) should give transport current (IGAT) to extracellular GABA. Using whole-cell patch recording, 28 bipolar cells responded to 30-200 microM GABA puffed to the axon terminals ...

Chordia proposed a new system for the analysis and representation of bandiṣes (bandishes) and gaṭs (gats) in Hindustani music using humdrum syntax (Frontiers of Research in Speech andMusic Conference, 2007). In this paper, we extend the capabilities of this system to encode Carnatic music and propose a unified system for Indian classical music. It enables us to systematically encode Carnatic mu...

Betaine/γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transporter (BGT1, SLC6A12) is a member of the Na(+)- and Cl(-)-dependent neurotransmitter transporter gene family with a homology to the GABA transporters (GATs), GAT1 (SLC6A1), GAT2 (SLC6A13) and GAT3 (SLC6A11) (HUGO nomenclature). Since antidepressants have been reported to inhibit GABA uptake, we examined those effects on mouse BGT1 (mBGT1) in comparison w...

BACKGROUND Although substantial efforts have been made to curtail smoking in Vietnam, the 2010 Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) revealed that the proportion of male adults currently smoking remains high at 47.4%. OBJECTIVES To determine the level of, and characteristics associated with, knowledge of the health consequences of smoking among Vietnamese adults. DESIGN GATS 2010 was designed ...

COVID-19 has changed the way we use networks, as multimedia content now represents an even more significant portion of traffic due to rise in remote education and telecommuting. In this context, which Wi-Fi is predominant radio access technology (RAT), multicast transmissions have become a reduce overhead network when many users same content. However, lacks versatile transmission method for ens...