This research presents a model for optimal allocation of Iranian oil and gas resources in sanction condition based on stochastic linear multi-objective programming. The general policies of the resistive economy include expanding exports of gas, electricity, petrochemical and petroleum products, expanding the strategic oil and gas reserves, increasing added value through completing the petroleum...

Abstract The production of a gas reservoir is different from an oil reservoir. recoverable not constant. Therefore, the capability well or field to produce needs be predicted. By knowing well’s capacity, it can also estimated that steps taken increase flow rate so existing reserves optimum. purpose this study was determine capacity field. Gas deliverability tests are conducted wells. test perfo...

We consider the valuation of gas storage on finite horizon. Focusing on the timing optionality of storage we construct a stochastic control model that reduces to solving an optimal switching problem with inventory. Extending the methodology from Carmona and Ludkovski (2005), we then construct a robust numerical scheme based on Monte Carlo regressions. The idea is to simultaneously approximate t...

Bioenergy is increasingly being used to meet EU objectives for renewable energy generation and reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Problems with using biomass however include high moisture contents, lower calorific value and poor grindability when compared to fossil fuels. Torrefaction is a pre-treatment process that aims to address these issues. In this paper four torrefaction treatments ...

A periodic CO2 dosing strategy for D. salina 19/30 batch culture is proposed. A model of periodic CO2 dosing including dosing time calculation, dosing interval estimation and final chlorophyll yield prediction was established. In experiments, 5% CO2/95% N2 gas was periodically dosed into D. salina culture. Two different gas dosing flow rates were tested. The corresponding dosing time for each f...

This study explores the concept of new energy infrastructures (in particular gas pipelines) in Eurasia and discusses its implications on future energy systems, gas trade, and the environment. Overall resource availability is not expected to be a real constraint in meeting growing energy demand within the next 100 years, but the geographical concentration of resources is. The expected increase i...

The design of a supply chain not only in‡uences a retailer’s cost, it in‡uences its customers’costs with stores few and far between, consumers must travel a long distance to shop, whereas their shopping trips are short with a dense network of stores. This supply chain design problem is the combination of two well studied problems: the Traveling Salesmen problem and the k-median problem. A solut...

Globalization, which exports production and jobs from rich countries to poor countries, also exports from rich countries to poor countries the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions created from the production of the goods consumed by rich countries. But whose responsibility are the GHG emissions? Are they exclusively the responsibility of the producing countries, or exclusively the responsibility of t...

The main objectives of the Third Gas Directive (2009/73EC) approved by the European Union are: unbundling, creating an independent Transport Service Operator (TSO) and ensuring free access to the market. The separation of gas trading from transportation activities required new market rules and gas balancing. Thereby, the TSO's responsibilities are to maintain network pressures within acceptable...

Figure 2. Normalized signal intensities as a function of time, for the phantom illustrated in figure 1. Solid, short dashed and long dashed lines represent the signal intensities measured in the supply line, right maxillary sinus, and left maxillary sinus respectively. The signals were normalized to the peak intensity of the supply line. Left os size: 12 mm. Right os size: 113 mm. MRI of Hyperp...