The emissions of carbon dioxide and nitrogen and sulphur oxides for electricity generation with coal and biomass co-firing are investigated and the furnace gas temperature assessed. The study uses simulation and considers fuel combinations based on two coals (bituminous coal, lignite) and four types of biomass (rice husk, sawdust, chicken litter, refused derived fuel). With increasing biomass, ...

This paper deals with the multicomponent nature of gas turbine fuels under high-pressure conditions. The study is motivated by the consideration that the droplet submodels that are currently employed in spray codes for predicting gas turbine combustor flows do not adequately incorporate the multicomponent fuel and high-pressure effects. The quasisteady multicomponent droplet model has been empl...

Hydrogen is an important chemical material that is utilized in a large scale in synthetic chemical industries in modern society. On the other hand, technologies for utilizing hydrogen as clean source of energy are considered to assume an important position in order to overcome problems of lack of energy and environment in future. Hence, fuel cells that store hydrogen and operate using it as fue...

In this research, the energy flow and production energy indices of canola cultivation in Trakya province of Turkey, Golestan and Mazandaran provinces of Iran were compared. Diesel fuel and chemical fertilizer inputs were the highest consumer of energy in the production of canola in these three regions. The results indicated that despite the higher energy use of machinery in Trakya province of T...

High fossil fuel prices have rekindled interest in nuclear power. This paper identifies specific nuclear characteristics making it unattractive to merchant generators in liberalized electricity markets, and argues that non-fossil fuel technologies have an overlooked ‘option value’ given fuel and carbon price uncertainty. Stochastic optimization estimates the company option value of keeping open...

We estimate the impact of large changes in the relative prices of natural gas and coal from 2005-2011, due primarily to “fracking,” on regional electricity marginal costs and air pollution emissions from electricity producers. We find strong evidence that natural gas is displacing coal as baseload. We estimate marginal emissions over the generation profile for each region in the U.S. using a no...

modeling the heat and mass transport in micro channel is being used extensively in researches and industrial applications. the aim is optimizing fuel cell designs before building a prototype for engineering application. in this study, numerical, three-dimensional, single phase computational fluid dynamics model of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell with both the gas distribution flow channels...

The iron and steel industry is the second largest user of energy in the world industrial sector and is currently highly dependent on fossil fuels and electricity. Substituting fossil fuels with renewable energy in the iron and steel industry would make an important contribution to the efforts to reduce emissions of CO2. However, different approaches to assessing CO2 emissions from biomass and e...