The reticuloendothelial system plays a major role in iron metabolism. Despite this, the manner in which macrophages handle iron remains poorly understood. Mammalian cells utilize transferrin-dependent mechanisms to acquire iron via transferrin receptors 1 and 2 (TfR1 and TfR2) by receptor-mediated endocytosis. Here, we show for the first time that the glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphat...

Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV), a plus-stranded [(+)] RNA plant virus, incorporates the host metabolic enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) into the viral replicase complex. Here, we show that, during TBSV replication in yeast, the yeast GAPDH Tdh2p moves from the cytosol to the peroxisomal membrane surface, the site of viral RNA synthesis. In yeast cells lacking Tdh2p, decr...

Malaria transmission begins when an infected mosquito delivers Plasmodium sporozoites into the skin. The sporozoite subsequently enters the circulation and infects the liver by preferentially traversing Kupffer cells, a macrophage-like component of the liver sinusoidal lining. By screening a phage display library, we previously identified a peptide designated P39 that binds to CD68 on the surfa...

Neuronal cell death at late stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) causes the release cytosolic proteins. One most abundant such proteins, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), forms stable aggregates with extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ). We detect these in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from AD patients levels directly proportional to progressive AD. found that GAPDH a covalent bond Q15 Aβ is ...

We have reported that overexpression of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH; EC 1.2.1.12) is involved in age-induced apoptosis of the cultured cerebellar granule cells that grow in a depolarizing concentration (25 mM) of KCI. The present study was undertaken to investigate whether GAPDH overexpression also occurs and participates in apoptosis of the cerebellar granule cells that res...

In cells undergoing apoptosis, mitochondrial outer-membrane permeabilization (MOMP) is followed by caspase activation promoted by released cytochrome c. Although caspases mediate the apoptotic phenotype, caspase inhibition is generally not sufficient for survival following MOMP; instead cells undergo a "caspase-independent cell death" (CICD). Thus, MOMP may represent a point of commitment to ce...

The glyceraldehyde-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH, EC 1.2.1.12) was purified to homogeneity from electric organ of Electrophorus electricus (L.) by a hydrophobic chromatography method on deacetylcolchicine-Sepharose. The purification resulted in a 162 fold increase in specific activity of the GAPDH and final yield was approximately 37%. The purified enzyme showed a single band in SDS-PAGE, with...

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), the glycolytic enzyme, exists as an asymmetric homotetramer and is apparently a product of a single somatic gene. This protein is considered a moonlighting protein meaning that it exhibits functions typically ascribed to other proteins. The functions include cellular processes that involve gene expression and, intriguingly, those that are associ...

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH, EC 1.2.1.12) mRNA level quantitation is widely used as an invariant control for gene expression analysis. Only three vertebrate GAPDH cDNAs have been hitherto isolated: human (1), rat (2) and chick (3). In order to get a probe for RNAse-mapping experiments on hamster {Cricetulus griseus) mRNAs, we constructed a cDNA library in pBluescript KSH (St...