Scientists are often interested in which covariates are important, and how these covariates affect the response variable, rather than just making predictions. This requires inputs from both statistical modeling and background knowledge. Generalized additive models (GAMs) are a class of interpretable, multivariate nonparametric regression models which are very useful data exploration tools for t...

7 Downstream processing of biofuels and bio-based chemicals represents a challenging problem for 8 process synthesis and optimization, due to the intrinsic nonideal thermodynamics of the liquid 9 mixtures derived from the (bio)chemical conversion of biomass. In this work, we propose a new 10 interface between the process simulator SimSci PRO/II and the optimization environment of GAMS 11 for th...

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the northern Gulf of Mexico (Gulf) as essential habitat of common dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus) and pompano dolphinfish (C. equiselis) during early life and to characterize conditions in which they were found. Eight ichthyoplankton surveys were conducted during the summer months from 2007 to 2010 in northern Gulf waters off Texas and Loui...

The coexistence of intensive low frequency zonal flows (LFZFs) and geodesic acoustic modes (GAMs) has been observed by identifying the spatial characteristics, i.e. the symmetries in poloidal and toroidal directions, and the finite radial wave number, using three-dimensional Langmuir probe arrays in the edge plasmas of HL-2A tokamak. The analysis of three wave coupling with ambient turbulence s...

A large class of problems in engineering mechanics involves a so-called “complementarity” relationship representing the orthogonality of two sign-constrained vectors. Typical instances are plasticity laws and contact-like conditions. For state problems, the formulation leads to a mixed complementarity problem (MCP) whereas in synthesis (e.g. minimum weight design) or identification problems, a ...

Three different approaches were used to assess the kinship structure of two epiphytic bryophytes, Orthotrichum speciosum and O. obtusifolium, that have different dispersal strategies. The two species were sampled in a 200 ha landscape where species occurrence and host trees had been mapped previously. Local environmental conditions at sampled trees were recorded and kinship between individuals ...

BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. However, it has been reported that weight loss is associated with incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) in healthy males. The purpose of this prospective cohort study is to investigate the effects of weight loss on kidney function in healthy people in terms of body mass index (BMI) and gender. METHODS A total...

In this paper, we conduct numerical experiments based upon the oligopolistic model of electricity market proposed in [1]-[2] and applied to the German electricity market. Presently, the German electricity market is shaped by strategic behavior of energy firms so that a perfect competition market has not been reached as yet. An oligopolistic market structure emerges from the analysis and is char...

the objective of this work is to analyze the effects of decrease in water subsidies (increase in the price of the water) on various economic sectors in order to promote the conservation of this resource based on the actual price of water. but over the past decades, various subsidizing methods hold the cost of water down. on the other hand, the indiscriminate use of these resources led the gover...

A probabilistic precipitation forecasting model using generalized additive models (GAMs) and Bayesian model averaging (BMA) was proposed in this paper. GAMs were used to fit the spatial-temporal precipitation models to individual ensemble member forecasts. The distributions of the precipitation occurrence and the cumulative precipitation amount were represented simultaneously by a single Tweedi...