Although first studied for their antimicrobial activity, host defense peptides (HDPs) are now widely recognized for their multifunctional roles in both the innate and adaptive immune responses. Their diverse immunomodulatory capabilities include the modulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory responses, chemoattraction, enhancement of extracellular and intracellular bacterial killing, cellular dif...

associations. As a result of this interplay with the concepts of virtual and networked organizations and technologies, some emerging issues about Internet, as well as “NVOs” will be brought up. Our comments on these issues will hopefully draw attention to certain aspects of the Internet as one important example of the networked and virtual organizations. Some of these aspects would normally be ...

Nurses comprise the largest health professional group in terms of number, and they can be found in almost every health care setting, including homes, schools, work sites, and hospitals. To a large extent, nurses have always been aware of environmental factors when doing their job, but the definition of environmental health nursing is being expanded. Today, in addition to considering the possibi...

background: health information system (his) has been utilized for collecting, processing, storing, and transferring the required information for planning and decision‑making at different levels of health sector to provide quality services. in this study, in order to provide high‑quality his, primary health care (phc) providers’ perspective on current challenges and barriers were investigated. m...

The editorial “Non-physician Clinicians in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Evolving Role of Physicians” by Eyal et al describes non-physician clinicians’ (NPC) need for mentorship and support from physicians. We emphasise the same need of support for front line generalist primary healthcare providers who carry out complex tasks yet may have an inadequate skill mix.

In this issue of the Journal, Gressin et al. 1 publish the results of two phase II trials on newly diagnosed mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). In the first trial (LM1996), the treatment was infusion based vincristine and doxorubicin, oral dexamethasone and chlorambucil (VADC). Elderly patients received eight series while younger patients received six followed by high-dose melphalan and total-body irr...