The static friction coefficient between two materials is considered to be a material constant. We present experiments demonstrating that the ratio of shear to normal force needed to move contacting bodies can, instead, vary systematically with controllable changes in the external loading configuration. Large variations in both the friction coefficient and consequent stress drop are tightly link...

This article discusses the recent advances in polishing of advanced materials. Ninety-five journal articles published in 2005–2007 are briefly introduced. The topics are advances in chemical mechanical polishing (CMP), fluids for polishing, modeling of polishing, polishing of brittle materials, robotic polishing, polishing with vibrations or beams, and friction in polishing processes. CMP is pe...

Calcium-Silicate-Hydrate (C–S-–H) is a structurally complex material that is the primary binding phase of all Portland cement concrete materials. C–S-–H is typically considered as an assemblage of discrete nanoscale particles whose interactions are governed by nanoscale friction and interfacial cohesion. Despite the critical role of interparticle forces on mechanics of granular materials, such ...

The mortality of workers employed at a factory producing friction materials has been studied from 1941 to 1986, extending a previous study by seven years. Apart from two periods before 1944, when crocidolite asbestos was used on one particular contract, only chrysotile asbestos has been used. Thirteen deaths were attributed to mesothelioma and of these, 11 were of subjects who had known contact...

The relevance, importance and presence of industrial robots in manufacturing have increased over the years, with applications in diverse new and nontraditional manufacturing processes. This paper presents the complete concept and design of a novel friction stir welding (FSW) robotic platform for welding polymeric materials. It was conceived to have a number of advantages over common FSW machine...

A mortality (1942-80) study was carried out on 13460 workers of a factory producing friction materials. The only type of asbestos used was chrysotile, except during two well-defined periods before 1945 when crocidolite was used, and over 99% of the population was traced. Compared with national death rates there were no detectable excesses of deaths due to lung cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, o...

|III Abstract Powder metallurgy (PM) is usually used in manufacturing parts with complex geometries, such as gears and structural parts. The main attractions of PM are the high rate of material utilization, environmental friendliness of production, economic advantages (especially for complex geometries), and possibility of obtaining lighter components. To find a wide range of applications and c...

Internal friction in aluminum thin films on silicon substrates has been measured uaween 180 and 360 K as a function of strain amplitude. The amplitude dependence of internal fnction in the aluminum films has been evaluated from the data on the film-substrate composite and further converted into the plastic strain of the order of as a function of the effective stress on dislocation motion. The m...

This study used an experimental method to investigate the effects of various stylus tip materials on the handwriting input performance of handheld devices. The stylus tip materials used in this study were stainless steel, plastic, wood, and rubber. Performance assessment indicators were Chinese character handwriting input speed, accuracy, and ease of writing. The results showed that plastic sty...

This paper describes the results of tests on the influence of human saliva and its substitutes on tribological characteristics of friction pairs. Each pair consists of enamel and one of the following materials: ceramics, the Meridian B2 dental composite, the GK dental amalgam, and Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy. The saliva substitutes used were prepared using pyrophosphates, xanthan gum, and mucins d...