it has been reported that fractures are more common in epileptic patients relative to the general population. seizures by repeated muscular contractions can increase fracture risk throughout the skeleton, but the reported papers about non traumatic vertebral fractures following a single episode of seizure are rare and mostly located in thoracic spine with only one or two vertebral fracture. the...

background: the main purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between serum vitamin d and the status of bone mineral density in patients with low-energy hip and distal radius fracture. methods: this retrospective case-control study was performed between january 2013 and january 2014. participants aged 55 years or older were divided to case group including 85 patients with low-ene...

this article aims to review various modes of fracture toughness of resin composites. also, this study intends to review the papers on the fracture mode, namely “fractography”, under scanning electron microscopy finding fracture initiation site, and the effect of filler content on the fracture toughness of resin composites. it will also review the effect of aging on the fracture toughness of res...

introduction: the restoration of endodontically treated teeth is a topic that has been studied extensively but it is still a challenge for dental practitioners. the aim of this study was to evaluate fracture resistance, fracture patterns and fracture location of endodontically treated human maxillary premolars restored with direct and indirect composite resin and ceramic restoration. methods: e...

Igneous intrusions in sedimentary basins can influence basin-scale fluid flow and petroleum systems various ways. They may act as barriers, preferential pathways or even reservoirs for fluids. The fracture networks of usually represent the main control their hydraulic properties. However, our understanding different fracturing mechanisms quantitative effect on network properties remains limited...

We prove that given any fixed edge ra in a 4-connected graph G, there exists a cycle C through ra such that G − (V (C) − {r}) is 2-connected. This will provide the first step in a decomposition for 4-connected graphs. We also prove that for any given edge e in a 5-connected graph G there exists an induced cycle C through e in G such that G−V (C) is 2-connected. This provides evidence for a conj...

It was conjectured by Thomassen ([B. Alspach, C. Godsil, Cycle in graphs, Ann. Discrete Math. 27 (1985)], p. 466) that every longest circuit of a 3-connected graph must have a chord. This conjecture is verified for locally 4-connected planar graphs, that is, let N be the set of natural numbers; then there is a function h : N → N such that, for every 4-connected graph G embedded in a surface S w...

Let Tn denote the set of all unrooted and unlabeled trees with n vertices, and (i, j) a double-star. By assuming that every tree of Tn is equally likely, we show that the limiting distribution of the number of occurrences of the double-star (i, j) in Tn is normal. Based on this result, we obtain the asymptotic value of Randić index for trees. Fajtlowicz conjectured that for any connected graph ...

introduction iatrogenic patellar fracture is reported as a complication of patella procedures, such as medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction, reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee using bone-patellar tendon-bone technique, and resurfacing the patella in total knee arthroplasty. case presentation a 65-year-old lady with right patella fracture was treated with open ...

Fractured reservoirs are highly heterogeneous in both matrix and fracture properties, which results significant variations well production. Assessing quantifying the influence of fractures on fluid flow is essential for developing unconventional reservoirs. The complicated effects fractured depend geometry, distribution, can be reflected pressure transient testing. biggest challenge lies deline...