introduction despite the abundant renewable energy sources, the iranian energy sector relies almost entirely on fossil fuel energy resources. power sector is dominant source of co2emissions and responsible for about 35% of total co2 emissions in the country. additionally, long-term electricity demand of iran is expected to grow quickly, which in turn requires extensive investment to meet the gr...

The demand of energy has been increased over the years due to increasing world population and expansion of global industries especially for food and feed. Most of the energy is consumed in transportation, industries & factories, power generation, and community sectors. Moreover, in order to fulfill our demand we are mostly dependent on energy, taken from fossil oil, gas and coal. In developing ...

There is a global push to develop a range of hydrogen technologies for timely adoption of the hydrogen economy. This is critical in view of the depleting oil reserves and looming transport fuel shortage, global warming, and increasing pollution. Molecular hydrogen (H2) can be generated by a number of renewable and fossil-fuel-based resources. However, given the high cost of H2 generation by ren...

BACKGROUND The pre-Jurassic record of terrestrial wood borings is poorly resolved, despite body fossil evidence of insect diversification among xylophilic clades starting in the late Paleozoic. Detailed analysis of borings in petrified wood provides direct evidence of wood utilization by invertebrate animals, which typically comprises feeding behaviors. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We descr...

Petroleum prices are increasing day by day and for fueling we are completely dependent on the fossil fuels. Sources of fossil fuels are depleting continuously due to the increasing demand of petroleum products. Renewable carbon neutral transport fuels are necessary for environmental and economic sustainability. There are many options in this area, but unlike solar, nuclear, and fossil fuels, bi...

it is inferred from the symmetrical and luminous x-ray emission of fossil groups that they are mature, relaxed galaxy systems. cosmological simulations and observations focusing on their dark halo and inter-galactic medium properties confirm their early formation. recent photometric observations suggest that, unlike the majority of non-fossil brightest group galaxies (bggs), the central early-t...

Current trends in energy production suggest that renewable energy will play an important role in future electricity generation. Among renewable sources, solar power is considered to be one of the most promising alternatives which is well supported by the rapid increase of Solar Thermal Power Plant installations worldwide. Solar energy (so as renewables) however is plagued by the intermittent na...

The remarkable development of sciences and technologies in the world of]o today has apparently brought mankind comfort and well-being, but it has also created new problems for humans including environmental pollution, widespread changes in world weather conditions, etc. Fossil fuels cause numerous environmental pollutions. In other words, on the one hand poisonous gases enter the environment fo...