In this paper, modified solutions were compared through utilizing three different approximate methods for bar structures. The modifications considered various changes in the initial design. To authors' best of knowledge, the studies have carried out on this matter so far are not broad enough and have considerred the simeltaneous variations of size, geometry and topology on the bar structures. I...

Several specimens belonging to the genus Pseudocercospora were collected from different localities of Mazandaran province (N Iran) during the 2011–12. All specimens were microscopically studied and identified. As the result Pseudocercospora abeliae (on Abelia grandiflora), P.rhamnaceicola (on Paliurus spina-christi) and P.sordida (on Campsis grandiflora) are newly recorded for Iran. Furthermore...

Three new records of Tanacetum L., namely, T. punctatum and T. zahlbruckneri from Azerbaidjan and T. vulgare from Mazandaran Provinces are reported for the first time from Iran. Illustrations and distribution map are also presented for each species.

The introduction of affordable, consumer-oriented 3-D printers is a milestone in the current "maker movement," which has been heralded as the next industrial revolution. Combined with free and open sharing of detailed design blueprints and accessible development tools, rapid prototypes of complex products can now be assembled in one's own garage--a game-changer reminiscent of the early days of ...

In this article we study cocycles of discrete countable groups with values in 2G and the ring of affiliated operators UG. We clarify properties of the first cohomology of a group G with coefficients in 2G and answer several questions from De Cornulier et al. (Transform. Groups 13(1):125–147, 2008). Moreover, we obtain strong results about the existence of free subgroups and the subgroup structu...