Abstract After more than a century of detailed investigations into sliding friction, we have not arrived yet at basic understanding energy dissipation, even for the simple geometry rigid slider moving over perfectly periodic counter surface. In this article, use first-principles-based analysis to establish atomistic mechanisms frictional dissipation object that moves continuously in surface pot...

In the climate change issue, the environmental irreversibility (risk of an acceleration of mitigation policies if the worse happen) has to be balanced with the investment irreversibility (risk of over-cautious policies). To explore this balance, we define an option value for a precautionary climate policy. Using the simplest decision-making model, we expose how option value relates to the expec...

An attempt has been made to study and analyze the performance of a rough hyperbolic slider bearing under the presence of a magnetic fluid lubricant. The magnetic field is oblique to the stator and the bearing surfaces are considered to be transversely rough. The roughness of the bearing surface is characterized by a stochastically random variable with non-zero mean, variance and skewness. The c...

Boundary lubrication of articular cartilage by conformal, molecularly thin films reduces friction and adhesion between asperities at the cartilage-cartilage contact interface when the contact conditions are not conducive to fluid film lubrication. In this study, the nanoscale friction and adhesion properties of articular cartilage from typical load-bearing and non-load-bearing joint regions wer...

We describe simulations of an elastic filament immersed in a fluid and subjected to a body force. The coupling between the fluid flow and the friction that the filament experiences induces bending and alignment perpendicular to the force. With increasing force there are four shape regimes, ranging from slight distortion to an unsteady tumbling motion. We also find marginally stable structures. ...

Hearing starts when sound-evoked mechanical vibrations of the hair-cell bundle activate mechanosensitive ion channels, giving birth to an electrical signal. As for any mechanical system, friction impedes movements of the hair bundle and thus constrains the sensitivity and frequency selectivity of auditory transduction. Friction is generally thought to result mainly from viscous drag by the surr...

In the last several decades fluid power has been used extensively in diverse industries such as agriculture, construction, marine, offshore resource extraction, and even entertainment. With a vast and ever-increasing spectrum of potential applications, the design of efficient and leak-free components in fluid power systems has become essential. Previous experiments and studies have shown that t...

We discuss the non-equilibrium properties of a thermally driven micromachine consisting three spheres which are in equilibrium with independent heat baths characterized by different temperatures. Within framework linear stochastic Langevin description, we calculate time-dependent average irreversibility that takes maximum value for finite time. This time scale is roughly set spring relaxation T...

The study empirically investigates the relationship between the value anomaly and firms’ investment and financing environment. The evidence supports the relevance of investment irreversibility and the value anomaly as suggested in Zhang (2005). The higher the investment irreversibility gap between value and growth firms, the higher the value premium. While the Fama and French three factor model...