the cuckoo search algorithm is a recently developedmeta-heuristic optimization algorithm, which is suitable forsolving optimization problems. to enhance the accuracy andconvergence rate of this algorithm, an improved cuckoo searchalgorithm is proposed in this paper. normally, the parametersof the cuckoo search are kept constant. this may lead todecreasing the efficiency of the algorithm. to cop...

BACKGROUND Circadian rhythms shift out of phase after transmeridian flights. Desynchronization between body rhythms and the environment is linked to jet lag, which depends on age, flight direction, and number of time zones crossed. METHODS To investigate this problem in airline pilots, we performed a multivariate analysis of their circadian systems during Madrid-Mexico-Madrid flights (-7 time...

BACKGROUND For over 60 yr, researchers and engineers have based investigations and the design of cockpit displays and structures upon the presupposition that during flight the pilot maintains a head alignment coincident with the aircraft's vertical axis (z-axis). Recent simulator studies have verified the existence of a pilot neck reflex which refutes this long-standing assumption. This reflex,...

The purposes of this study were to assess unilateral and bilateral vertical jump performance characteristics, and to compare the vertical ground reaction force characteristics of the impulse and landing phase of a vertical jump between the dominant and non-dominant leg in soccer players. The sample consisted of 20 male soccer players (22.80 ± 2.71 years, 1.88 ± 0.06 m, 76.47 ± 8.80 kg) who comp...

Biomechanics analysis of the ski jump is highly required. Some parameters and their interrelations have been reported in previous research studies limited to few athletes. The generalization of these parameters to athletes of various levels and under training conditions should be assessed, since they have the potential to be used for daily evaluation. This study proposed a new 3D approach based...

Battery pack specific energy, which can be enhanced by minimising the mass of battery thermal management system (BTMS), is a limit on electric fixed-wing flight applications. In this paper, use phase-change materials (PCMs) for BTMSs numerically explored in 3D domain, including an equivalent circuit model. A parametric study PCM properties effective conducted typical one-hour flight. PCMs maint...