Gulzar Saeed Ahmed1 ABSTRACT Objective: Function and appearance of the involved hand in patients with cerebral palsy can be improved by orthopedic surgery especially in spastic hamiplegia. Flexor carpi unlnaris transfer to extensor carpi radialis longus or bravis is a procedure commonly used for correction of flexion pronation deformity of hand in patients with cerebral palsy. Patients and Meth...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cervical radiculopathy is a pathological process involving a nerve root of the cervical spine. The most common causes of radiculopathy are cervical disc herniation followed by cervical spondylosis. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of dropped shoulder as a cause of lower cervical radiculopathy. METHODS In total, 132 patients, comprising 105 women (79.5%)...

PURPOSE To evaluate the outcome after single tendon transfer of the flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) to the digital extensors for high radial nerve palsy. METHODS Records of 10 patients aged 16 to 43 (median, 27) years who underwent single tendon transfer of the FCU to the digital extensors for high radial nerve palsy secondary to closed (n=4) or open (n=4) diaphyseal humeral fractures or deltoid i...

This study explored the effect of vibration of the forearm extensors on motor cortical excitability and the influence of stimulus duration. Sixteen healthy volunteers between 23 and 42 years old participated in one or two studies. We applied 15 or 30 min of 100 Hz, 0.5 mm-amplitude vibration to the extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) muscle. Cortical excitability was measured as the magnitude...

Children with cerebral palsy often have spasticity of both the extensors and flexors, but how and why a flexion contracture of the wrist will develop during growth is not thoroughly understood. In order to understand the muscle adaptations that occur during contracture formation, the relationship between intraoperative sarcomere length and the extent of contracture was measured in 23 children (...

Upper extremity musculoskeletal modeling is becoming increasingly sophisticated, creating a growing need for subject-specific muscle size parameters. One method for determining subject-specific muscle volume is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of MRI-derived muscle volumes in the human forearm across a variety of muscle sizes and shapes. ...

BACKGROUND Frequently using non-slanted computer mice will cause musculoskeletal discomfort and symptoms in forearms and shoulders. Ergonomic mice with different slanted angles may have various effects on forearm and shoulder muscle activity. METHODS All of the twelve subjects performed the same text-editing task with the five different slanted mice. The muscle activity of extensor carpi ulna...

It has been shown in the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana Shaw 1802, that certain forelimb muscles in males have different contractile properties when compared with females, which may result from adaptation for amplexus. We extended this study to a distantly related species, Bufo marinus Linnaeus 1758, by testing the isometric contractile properties of three muscles, abductor indicus longus (AIL), an...