Photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) has received extensive attention in optical gas sensing due to the advantages of high sensitivity, selectivity, and online detection. Here, a mid-infrared hollow-core fiber (HCF) based flexible longitudinal photoacoustic resonator for PAS-based is proposed theoretically demonstrated. A anti-resonant HCF designed innovatively replace traditional metallic acoustic...

A modeling method for representing belt object deformation is proposed. Deformation of belt objects such as film circuit boards or flexible circuit boards must be estimated for automatic manipulation and assembly. In this paper, we assume that deformation of an inextensible belt object can be described by the shape of its central axis in a longitudinal direction called “the spine line” and line...

This study investigated the effect of evidence conflicting with preschoolers' naive theory on the patterns of their free exploratory play. The domain of shadow size was used--a relatively complex, ecologically valid domain that allows for reliable assessment of children's knowledge. Results showed that all children who observed conflicting evidence performed an unconfounded informative experime...

This Special Issue is dedicated to the modification of asphalt binders using certain additives as nanomaterials or special modifiers enhance performance and durability, seen through improved resistance ageing caused by climatic conditions, concrete forming core layers flexible pavements [...]

this paper presents a gaussian radial basis function neural network based on sliding mode control for trajectory tracking and vibration control of a flexible joint manipulator. to study the effectiveness of the controllers, designed controller is developed for tip angular position control of a flexible joint manipulator. the adaptation laws of designed controller are obtained based on sliding m...

The crystal structure of the signal sequence binding subunit of the signal recognition particle (SRP) from Thermus aquaticus reveals a deep groove bounded by a flexible loop and lined with side chains of conserved hydrophobic residues. The groove defines a flexible, hydrophobic environment that is likely to contribute to the structural plasticity necessary for SRP to bind signal sequences of di...

introduction: hepatitis c virus (hcv) is the major cause of acute and chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. because of increasing number of infected patients throughout the world, various studies are concentrated on development of high quality diagnostic tests and genotyping in various regions of the world. methods: in this study, we used rt-pcr to isolate and a...

Two separate N-terminal fragments of the 470-amino-acid Escherichia coli DnaB helicase, comprising residues 1-142 and 1-161, were expressed in E. coli. The proteins were extracted in a soluble fraction, purified, and characterised physically. In contrast to the full-length protein, which is hexameric, both fragments exist as monomers in solution, as demonstrated by sedimentation equilibrium mea...

Bacteria can evolve rapidly under positive selection owing to their vast numbers, allowing their genes to diversify by adapting to different environments. We asked whether the same genes that evolve rapidly in the long-term evolution experiment with Escherichia coli (LTEE) have also diversified extensively in nature. To make this comparison, we identified ∼2000 core genes shared among 60 E. col...