Target space duality (T duality), which interchanges Kaluza–Klein and winding-mode excitations of the compactified heterotic string, is realized as a symmetry of a world-sheet action. Axion-dilaton duality (S duality), a conjectured nonperturbative SL(2,Z) symmetry of the same theory, plays an analogous role for five-branes. We describe a soliton spectrum possessing both duality symmetries and ...

1. Strains of epithelium and fibroblasts cultivated side by side in the same medium keep their individual characteristics. When sectioned and stained by the Van Gieson method, the cultures show the epithelium stained greenish yellow and the fibroblasts and their fibrillae pink. 2. There are no transition forms between the epithelial cells and fibroblasts. 3. The epithelial cells belonging to an...

A general integral formula for the spectral flow of a path of unbounded selfadjoint Fredholm operators subject to certain summability conditions is derived from the interpretation of the spectral flow as a winding number.

A 14 year old boy was referred by his GP after persisting requests by his mother for investigation of a food allergy as a possible cause for 6-year history of soiling. He was not conscious of his bowels being opened and this would happen several times a day. Paediatricians claimed a psychological reason, which the patient and his mother denied categorically. • Symptoms inconsistent with allergy...

BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the tolerability and impact of milk of magnesia (MoM) on interfraction rectal filling during prostate cancer radiotherapy. METHODS Two groups were retrospectively identified, each consisting of 40 patients with prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy to prostate+/-seminal vesicles, with daily image-guidance in 78Gy/39fractions/8 weeks. The first-gr...

BACKGROUND The pathophysiological mechanisms underlining constipation are incompletely understood, but prolonged bed rest is commonly considered a relevant determinant. AIMS Our primary aim was to study the effect of long-term physical inactivity on determining a new onset of constipation. Secondary aim were the evaluation of changes in stool frequency, bowel function and symptoms induced by ...

UNLABELLED There is little information about the actual nutrition and fluid intake habits and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms of athletes during endurance events. PURPOSE This study aimed to quantify and characterize energy, nutrient, and fluid intakes during endurance competitions and investigate associations with GI symptoms. METHOD A total of 221 endurance athletes (male and female) were ...

"Lactose intolerance (LI)" is considered a common problem in Asians, and in many parts of the world. Its prevalence and age of manifestation varies between by Asian country, for possible genetic or cultural reasons. Studies in Indonesian children 3-15 years old (y) are available within the past two decades, using a pure lactose tolerance test. The prevalences of lactose malabsorption (LM) in pr...

BACKGROUND There is increased interest in combining nutritional modalities with pharmacological therapies for managing patients with diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D). AIM A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the impact of oral serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate (SBI) on gastrointestinal symptom scores and quality of life (QoL) in subjects with IBS-...