The plasmid DNA encoding the fliC gene of Burkholderia pseudomallei combined with CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) was injected intramuscularly into BALB/c mice, resulting in the increased production of certain humoral antibodies and flagellin-specific spleen cell clonal expansion. CpG ODN, as an immunoadjuvant, was added to the plasmid containing the fliC gene in order to obtain ongoing expressi...

A partial amino-acid sequence of Bacillus subtilis 168 flagellin is presented. The region of unassigned sequence in this 304-residue polypeptide chain spans residues 158-173. Comparison of the 27-residue aminoterminal CNBr peptide of B. subtilis 168 flagellin with that derived from the flagellin of the serologically unrelated strain of B. subtilis, W23, shows only three conservative substitutio...

Inflammasomes are a family of cytosolic multiprotein complexes that initiate innate immune responses to pathogenic microbes by activating the caspase 1 protease. Although genetic data support a critical role for inflammasomes in immune defence and inflammatory diseases, the molecular basis by which individual inflammasomes respond to specific stimuli remains poorly understood. The inflammasome ...

Abstract A leaky gut has been linked to numerous autoimmune disorders, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We had previously reported significant upregulation of anti-flagellin antibodies in the blood SLE patients and lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice, which led our hypothesis that a drove through bacterial flagellin-mediated activation toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5). Here, we investigated initia...

Flagellin gene sequence polymorphisms were used to discriminate amongst 53 strains of Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli. The Campylobacter strains were made up of forty-three strains of Campylobacter jejuni and 10 strains of Campylobacter coli. The results were analysed in relation to Penner serotyping. Twenty DNA PCR-RFLP patterns (genotypes) were identified by analysis of Dde I fragment length...

A nonvirulent Salmonella dublin flagellin-negative, aromatic-dependent live vaccine strain has been used to express hepatitis B virus surface antigen epitopes in an immunogenic form. The envelope proteins of the virion are encoded by the S gene, which contains the pre-S1, pre-S2, and S coding regions. Synthetic oligonucleotides corresponding to amino acid residues S-(122-137) and pre-S2-(120-14...

Surfactant protein A (SP-A), a pulmonary collectin, plays a role in lung innate immune host defense. In this study the role of SP-A in regulating the inflammatory response to the flagella of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) was examined. Intra-tracheal infection of SP-A deficient (SP-A-/-) C57BL/6 mice with wild type flagellated PA (PAK) resulted in an increase in inflammatory cell recruitment and i...

Sudden exposure of human populations to chemicals, pathogens, or radiation has the potential to result in substantial morbidity. A potential means of rapidly protecting such populations might be to activate innate host defense pathways, which can provide broad protection against a variety of insults. However, innate immune activators can, by themselves, result in severe inflammatory pathology, ...

Enterohemorrhagic E.coli (EHEC) is an important foodborne pathogen in the developed world and can cause life-threatening disease particularly in children. EHEC persists in the human gut by adhering intimately to colonic epithelium and forming characteristic attaching/effacing lesions. In this study, we investigated the innate immune response to EHEC infection with particular focus on antimicrob...