India is building a 500 MWe Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor, which is scheduled to be operational by 2010. India has refused to accept international safeguards on this facility, raising concerns that the plutonium produced in its uranium blankets might be used to make nuclear weapons. Based on neutronics calculations for a detailed threedimensional model of the reactor, we estimate that up to 14...

An objective of the Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative in the United States is to develop technologies for transmutation of transuranic elements currently in spent light water reactor fuel. The advantages of fast-spectrum reactors, including accelerator-driven systems, are recognised. Because low-to-zero conversion-ratio designs are desired, fuels with little or no fertile uranium are required. Bas...

Uranium-238 is used extensively in nuclear reactor cores. Its nuclear properties have a significant effect on many aspects of the entire fuel cycle process from enrichment facilities and power production to nuclear waste storage facilities. In order to safely design such systems, an accurate evaluation of neutron interactions with U is required. This paper describes a process of quantifying dif...

One way to explore exotic nuclei is to study their structure by performing -ray spectroscopy. At the ILL, we exploit a high neutron flux reactor to induce the cold fission of actinide targets. In this process, fission products that cannot be accessed using standard spontaneous fission sources are produced with a yield allowing their detailed study using high resolution -ray spectroscopy. This i...

This work examines the effect of recycling Ln(III) fission products together with An(III) TRU in existing PWRs without separating them as commonly assumed. TRU recycling in three different fuel forms was studied: U-MOX, Th-MOX, and Fertile Free Fuel. We analyzed the effect of Ln(III) separation on fuel cycle length, efficiency of TRU destruction, and the core reactivity feedback coefficients. T...

The propagation of uncertainties in a PWR fuel rod under steady-state irradiation is analyzed by computational means. A hypothetical steady-state scenario of the Three Mile Island 1 reactor fuel rod is modeled with the fuel performance FRAPCON, using realistic input uncertainties for the fabrication and model parameters, boundary conditions and material properties. The uncertainty and sensitivi...

Nuclear fission reactions produce a lot of radionuclides that release energy, one which is in the form gamma radiation. Gamma radiation produced by various types radionuclides, and nuclear reactor fuel will different values intensity. Uranium Molybdenum (U7Mo-Al) type for future research reactors possesses many advantages. For application molybdenum-based fuel, it necessary to determine resulti...

Scaling up microbial fuel cells (MFCs) requires a better understanding the importance of the different factors such as electrode surface area and reactor geometry relative to solution conditions such as conductivity and substrate concentration. It is shown here that the substrate concentration has significant effect on anode but not cathode performance, while the solution conductivity has a sig...

To really use the fusion energy and make the fusion energy as a main energy in the world could need more than 50 years. The construction of ITER starts the real course to realize the peaceful use of the fusion energy. It means the technologies developed in the world are feasible to built fusion facilities or reactors with fusion core plasmas. Based on the technologies nowadays, a concept of mul...