since individuals spend the majority of their times indoors, fine particles generated in indoor combustion processes and by resuspension are important for health effects assessment. the nature and magnitude of indoor particle exposures can change rapidly because of the rapid changes in activities and sources. indoor pm 2.5 concentrations were measured in indoor office, café, and home where peop...

This paper presents the development and evaluation of an ambient particle concentrator for conducting animal inhalation exposure studies. The system utilizes the principle of virtual impactors to concentrate ambient particles in the size range 0.1-2.5 microns (aerodynamic diameter; dp) by drawing them through a series of three virtual impactors. Each impactor contains the majority of ambient fi...

The physical properties of granular materials (such as hydraulic, strength, and thermal properties) are largely dependent on their density (or porosity) and particle size distribution. In infrastructure design, the thermal properties of soils are now more important than in the past. However, our understanding of the thermal properties of mixed granular materials is still poor. In this study, th...

We analyze thermodynamics of the system composed of charged particles with hard cores interacting via the repulsive Yukawa potential and the ambient plasma (of ions and electrons), taking the contribution of the latter properly into account. When the Coulomb coupling between particles becomes sufficiently strong, the isothermal compressibility of the whole system diverges and we have a phase se...

In order to better understand the size distribution of particle-associated PBDEs and their deposition pattern in the human respiratory tract, we carried out a 1-year campaign during 2012–2013 for the measurement of sizeresolved particles at the urban site of Shanghai. The results showed that particulate PBDEs exhibited a bimodal distribution with a mode peak in the accumulation particle size ra...

A montmorillonite clay and a palagonitic soil sample were sieved to produce a series of size fractions in order to investigate the role that extremely fine particle sizes play on absorption strengths in martian analog materials. Significant decreases in band strength for both samples were observed as particle size decreased. The less than 5-μm fractions had 1.4-, 1.9-, and 2.2-μm bands that wer...

This study concerns the supercritical antisolvent process which allows single-step production of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) nanoparticles. This process enhances the physical characteristics of 5-FU in order to deliver it directly to the respiratory tract. Several mixtures of methanol with dichloromethane, acetone, or ethanol were used for particle preparation, and their effects on the physical chara...

BACKGROUND Recent studies suggest that humans exhale fine particles during tidal breathing but little is known of their composition, particularly during infection. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We conducted a study of influenza infected patients to characterize influenza virus and particle concentrations in their exhaled breath. Patients presenting with influenza-like-illness, confirmed infl...

the potential risk of metal accumulation in periurban agricultural areas is a matter for concern.the climate characteristics and carbonate content of calcareous agricultural mediterranean soils typical inthese areas favour metal accumulation at the surface level; however there is also a risk of potential metalmobility. our study focuses on the soil properties affecting metal mobility in these s...

We present results obtained using the new version of the multi-filter rotating shadowband radiometer (MFRSR) data analysis algorithm (Alexandrov et al. 2005). This algorithm allows the partition of aerosol optical thickness (AOT) into fine and coarse aerosol modes and to retrieve the fine mode effective radius (reff). A bimodal gamma distribution is used as the aerosol particle size model. The ...