BACKGROUND Controversy exists regarding the association of cigarette smoking and renal dysfunction, particularly among African Americans, who are disproportionately affected by chronic kidney disease; therefore, we evaluated the relationship between cigarette smoking and rapid renal function (RRF) decline in the Jackson Heart Study. METHODS AND RESULTS Rates of RRF decline were determined amo...

BACKGROUND In contrast to previous studies from western populations, studies from Japan reported a positive association between body mass index (BMI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) among men but not women. In this context, we examined the relationship between BMI and CKD, by gender, in a study of Malay adults from Singapore. METHODS This was a population-based cross-sectional sample of adul...

BACKGROUND One of the challenges of treating patients with lupus nephritis (LN) is to accurately assess disease activity and predict its outcome. Since renal-biopsy cannot be performed routinely, new surrogate biomarkers are needed. METHODS We evaluated neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), to predict renal outcome in LN. Serum and urinary NGAL levels, measured by the enzyme-link...

INTRODUCTION Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a public health problem with rising incidence and prevalence world-wide. Despite the fact that Sub-Saharan Africa, including Nigeria appears to be badly hit by this epidemic, there is a paucity of data on CKD prevalence in these regions and where data exists, they are mostly hospital-based. OBJECTIVES The present study was carried out to de...

Bisphenol A is an industrial chemical widely used in plastic products with a consequent exposure to humans. To assess whether exposure to bisphenol A is associated with renal disease, we searched for low-grade albuminuria in 3055 Chinese adults in the Shanghai metropolitan area aged 40 years or older. Using a value for urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratios <30 mg/g, we examined its association w...

BACKGROUND In patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), malnutrition may develop as renal function declines and the abdominal organs become enlarged. We investigated the relationship of intra-abdominal mass with nutritional status. METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed at a tertiary hospital outpatient clinic. Anthropometric and laboratory data including s...

PURPOSE To examine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the risk of stage ≥3 chronic kidney disease (CKD) in a general Japanese population. METHODS A total of 105 611 participants aged 40-79 years who completed health checkups in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan, and were free of CKD in 1993 were followed-up through 2006. Stage ≥3 CKD was defined by an estimated glomerular filtration r...

Hyperuricemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is associated with increased arterial stiffness in high-risk populations. However, given the possible sex-related differences in the prevalence of hyperuricemia, the association between elevated serum uric acid (SUA) level and increased arterial stiffness has yielded conflicting results. We investigated the relationship between SUA a...

Abstract Investigation and uptake of filtered tailings continues to grow throughout the globe. This is driven by a wide range site-specific considerations, which include such factors as characteristics (e.g., amenability filtration), production rates, climate, water availability, cost drivers, environmental requirements, social factors. Despite aforementioned technological growth, currently ava...

Abstract In this paper, we study the structure of rational cohomology groups IA-automorphism group $\mathrm {IA}_3$ free rank three by using combinatorial theory and representation theory. particular, detect a nontrivial irreducible component in second , which is not contained image cup product map first groups. We also show that triple trivial. As corollary, obtain fourth term lower central se...