F sharpened tungsten needles are essential tools required for the manipulation of small particles (1, 2, 3). They can be purchased commercially from Fine Science Tools at a cost of roughly $100 for a set of ten needles. Tungsten needles can easily become damaged during routine use, and accidentally bumping the sharpened end of a tungsten needle immediately renders it useless. For laboratories t...

during the last decades a new class of materials named fiber/metal laminates (fmls) was introduced. it is a hybrid composite consisting of alternating thin layers of metal sheets and fiber-reinforced composite material. fmls have both low weight and good mechanical properties. in this study, the impact behavior of this attractive material is investigated. the effect of fiber angle, stacking seq...

The (reputation for) competence of a central bank at doing its job makes monetary policy under discretion credible and transparent. Based on its reading of the state of the economy, the central bank announces its policy intentions to the public in a cheap-talk game. The precision of its private signal measures its competence. The fineness of the equilibrium message space measures its credibilit...

The number of neurons in the primary visual cortex (V1) is, across primate species, related to the number of neurons in the visual thalamus (the lateral geniculate nucleus [LGN]) by a power law with an exponent of 3/2. This evolutionary scaling law is explained by a simple relation according to which the fineness of resolution in cortex is related to the number of neurons in the area of cortex ...

We described here our perception of complex systems, of how we feel the different layers of description are an important part of a correct complex system simulation. We described a rough models categorization between rules based and law based, of how these categories handled the levels of descriptions or scales. We then described our fluid flow simulation, which combines different fineness of g...