Studying generalized non-signalling theories brings insight to the foundations of quantum mechanics. Here we focus on a dynamical process in such general theories, namely non-locality swapping, the analogue of quantum entanglement swapping. In order to implement such a protocol, one needs to define a coupler, which performs the equivalent of quantum joint measurements on generalized ‘box-like’ ...

We derived an analytical formula for the optimum width of the access waveguides of 1 x N multimode interference (MMI) couplers. Eigenmode-decomposition-based simulations show that the optimum width relation corresponds to the points of diminishing returns in both insertion loss and output uniformity versus access waveguide width. We fabricate and characterize 1 x 12 MMI couplers on a nanomembra...

Couplers and hybrids are devices in which two transmission lines pass close enough to each other for energy propagating on one line to couple to the other line. A 3dB 90° or 180° hybrid splits an input signal into two equal amplitude outputs. A directional coupler normally splits an input signal into two unequal amplitude outputs. This terminology “directional coupler”, “90° hybrid”, and “180° ...

We propose the use of binary slanted surface-relief gratings with parallel-groove walls as input and output couplers in a planar optical interconnect. Parametric optimization of cascaded output couplers is employed to design an interconnect consisting of N output couplers producing a uniform intensity distribution with a high efficiency that may be realized in one lithographic etching step. The...

Compact fiber-to-chip couplers play an important role in optical interconnections, especially data centers. However, the development of has been mostly limited to standard single mode fibers, with few devices compatible multicore and multimode fibers. Through use state-of-the-art optimization algorithms, we designed a compact dual-polarization coupler interface chips dense demonstrating, for fi...

This thesis presents the development of integrated silicon photonic devices. These devices are compatible with the present and near future CMOS technology. High-k horizontal grating couplers and waveguides are proposed. This work consists of simulations and device design, as well as the layout for the fabrication process, device fabrication, process development, characterization instrument deve...

Novel dual-band 90◦ couplers with arbitrary power division ratios using simplified composite right-/left-handed (SCRLH) transmission lines (TLs) are proposed. With a degree of freedom in the structural parameters, a SCRLH stub can easily be tailored to imitate a conventional 90◦ section at two arbitrary frequencies with different characteristic impedances, making the resulting couplers with cus...

The imbalance and excess loss in multimode interference couplers with fabrication errors are examined. Remarkably, there exists a number of optimum access waveguide widths which give a minimum imbalance. Furthermore, quite low excess loss can be simultaneously achieved by choosing one particular optimum width. It is also shown that paired interference couplers have better imbalance performance ...

In this paper a new procedure for designing forward-wave directional couplers using periodic shunt short circuited stubs is proposed. A new type of cell using these stubs, which enlarge the phase difference between even- and odd modes of a uniform microstrip coupled line is introduced. Using the equivalent circuit model for even- and odd-modes of the proposed cell, the elements of the  ABCD tra...

Hardware implementation of artificial neural networks facilitates real-time parallel processing of massive data sets. Optical neural networks offer low-volume 3D connectivity together with large bandwidth and minimal heat production in contrast to electronic implementation. Here, we present a conceptual design for in-fiber optical neural networks. Neurons and synapses are realized as individual...