The influence of pH on the growth parameters of and the organic acids produced by Clostridium sporogenes 3121 cultured in test tubes and fermentors at 35 degrees C was examined. Specific growth rates in the fermentor maintained at a constant pH ranged from 0.20 h-1 at pH 5.00 to 0.86 h-1 at pH 6.50. Acetic acid was the primary organic acid in supernatants of 24-h cultures; total organic acid le...

sucrose concentration of 60 g/l. Lower amounts of citric acids were found to be produced with other speeds (250-310 rpm).The oxygen flow rate of 1.0 lpm was observed to he most favorable flow rate giving maximum amount of Citric acid (26.6 g/l) with initial sucrose concentration of (60 g/l).. Lower Citric acids were found to be produced with other flow rates (1.5-2.5 lpm).

The propagation of mammalian cells in stainless steel fermentors of a type used in antibiotic fermentations represents a marked departure from the techniques employed in classical tissue culture studies. Since the pioneer work of Harrison (1907), in which he demonstrated the outgrowth of cells from nerve tissue maintained in vitro, many techniques for the in vitro culture of cells have been dev...

Cereal Chern. 61(5): 423-427 Whole wheat and flour were fermented to make alcohol. The residue, after alcohol was distilled, was fractionated into distillers' grains, centrifuged solids, and distillers' solubles. Distillers' grains and centrifuged solids had protein contents of 29 and 57%, respectively, and accounted for Fermentation of cereal grains to make alcohol produces a protein-rich mate...

In this study, Lippia origanoides Kunth, native to the Alto Patía region in Southwest Colombia, and P ichia guilliermondii LV196, an inactivated yeast from germplasm bank of Agrosavia (Colombian Agricultural Research Corporation), alone or combined, were tested for their long-term effect on rumen fermentation methanogenesis whilst also characterising bacterial methanogen communities. Whereas es...

the role of vi-capsular polysaccharide (vi-cps) in human immunity against infection caused by salmonella typhi is well known. the downstream process of purification generally causes depolymerization of vi-cps to a nonimmunogenic low molecular weight form. in the present study, a standard strain of sal. typhi ty6s was grown under submerge cultural conditions in a pilot-plant scale of 90 liter fe...