[1] We find that slow seismic events have smaller fault slips compared to ordinary earthquakes with similar dimensions. For ordinary earthquakes, the ratio of slip to fault length is largely consistent, yet the physical controls on this ratio are unknown. Recently discovered slow slip or creep events in which faults move quasi-statically over periods of days to years shed new light on this old ...

[1] We examine how frictional heating drives the evolution of temperature, strength, and fracture energy during earthquake slip. For small slip distances, heat and pore fluid are unable to escape the shearing fault core, and the behavior is well approximated by simple analytical models that neglect any transport. Following large slip distances, the finite width of the shear zone is small compar...

Pore fluid pressure in a fault zone can be altered by natural processes (e.g., mineral dehydration and thermal pressurization) and industrial operations involving subsurface fluid injection and extraction for the development of energy and water resources. However, the effect of pore pressure change on the stability and slip motion of a preexisting geologic fault remains poorly understood; yet, ...

Recent numerical simulation of tsunami propagation proposed a new hypothesis about the origin of the 1771 tsunami that devastated the southwest Ryukyu district of Japan; a slip of the East Ishigaki Fault, a 44kmlong fault lying 50km off the east coast of Ishigaki Island, might be the cause of the 1771 tsunami. The present study is to test this hypothesis through visual observation by means of t...

In this study, joint inversions of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and Global Position System (GPS) measurements are used to investigate the source parameters of four Mw > 5 events of the 2016–2017 Central Italy earthquake sequence. The results show that the four events are all associated with a normal fault striking northwest–southeast and dipping southwest. The observations, in all cases, are ...

The 1999 M 7.1 Hector Mine earthquake ruptured a complex fault system with a branched structure in the north. This fault geometry and slip pattern presents a puzzle, because the northwest branch of this system should be in the stress shadow of the north branch, upon which nucleation likely took place. Through 3D dynamic models of this event, we show that the ability of rupture to propagate to t...

We simulated dynamic rupture propagation along a branched fault, which is partially segmented by a slit. This is an analogy of a strike slip fault, which displays a jog structure on the ground surface but forms a continuous system at depth. We observed that rupture directivity can significantly change due to the existence of the fault slit and that the relative location of the slit to the hypoc...

Computer simulation of the strong ground motion generated from the earthquake•rupture process on a shallow strike-slip fault are carried out by using a 3-D finite difference method. The faulting process is modeled using a dynamic crack model with fixed rupture velocity or with finite-stress-fracture criterion. The near-source ground motion is sensitive to the details of sliprate or slip-acceler...

HfN specimens deformed via four-point bend tests at room temperature and at 2300 °C (~0.7 Tm) showed increased plasticity response with temperature. Dynamic diffraction via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed ⟨110⟩{111} as the primary slip system in both temperature regimes and ⟨110⟩{110} to be a secondary slip system activated at elevated temperature. Dislocation line lengths chang...

Earthquakes are generally known to alter the stress field near seismogenic faults. Observations using YRY-four-gauge borehole strainmeters within Yushu (YSH) Ganzi-Yushu fault in eastern Tibetan Plateau shows that azimuth variation of maximum horizontal (SH) first decreased and then increased substantially when earthquakes occurred during measurement period from January 1, 2009 December 31, 201...