The advent of farming around 12 millennia ago was a cultural as well as technological revolution, requiring a new system of property rights. Among mobile hunter-gatherers during the late Pleistocene, food was almost certainly widely shared as it was acquired. If a harvested crop or the meat of a domesticated animal were to have been distributed to other group members, a late Pleistocene would-b...

The ultimate goal for using any recordkeeping system is to help make better management decisions. In particular, farm records should allow the owners to compare their operation to others or itself historically. Secondly, farm records should allow the owners to plan and evaluate proposed projects. For example, if a variety of projects are proposed, each project should be evaluated on how it woul...

Organic farming is characterized by several goals that are expressed in daily practices and in standards. Some of the important goals for organic production systems are naturalness, harmony on all levels of production, local recycling of resources, and the principle of precaution (Anonymous, 2002). For organic herds, good animal welfare is an explicit goal, and this includes that the overall go...

This study takes one main production pattern of smallhold pig farming in Tianjin as a study prototype, deeply analyzes characters of informations about tracing inputs including vaccines,feeds,veterinary drugs and supervision test in pig farming, proposes inputs metadata, criteria for integrating inputs event and interface norms for data transmision, developes and completes identification of 2D ...

Oasis farming system is common in some parts of the world, especially in the Arabian Peninsula and several African countries. In Oman, the farming system in the majority of farms follows a semi-oasis farming (SOF) system, which is characterized by growing multiple crops mainly for home consumption, but also for local market. This study was conducted to investigate fungal diversity using pyroseq...

The agro-ecosystems of semi-arid and dry sub-humid SSA are inherently dynamic. At this point in time they are also experiencing a series of complex social–ecological changes that make their future even more uncertain. To ensure that development investments made today in the small-scale farming systems that dominate these regions make sense also in a long-term perspective they should benefit the...

Macrobrachium rosenbergii popularly known as 'scampi' has been expanding in India recent years. Scampi farming gained momentum after the set-back in shrimp farming due to disease outbreaks and other factors. The infrastructure available to produce shrimp seed and process the shrimp was helpful in providing support to scampi farming. The existing culture system includes both monoculture and poly...

Pig production plays an important role in smallholder farming systems in upland villages of Lao PDR. It serves as an income source or as capital accumulation needed when crop (rice) production fails. Farmers raise pigs in many ways or systems depending on the availability of feed resources and the intensity of farming systems. There are two main problems in smallholder systems—disease and seaso...

It is not acceptable to compromise animal welfare in any system of farming. Feeding should be aimed at meeting the nutritional requirements at the various stages of production. This paper deals with the detrimental effects that organic, extensive or low input farming systems may have on the energy status in early lactation of the high potential dairy cow. Bovine ketosis is the most important di...

Th e aim of the research was the comparison of economic feasibility of most common conventional and organic farm production in Slovenia. Th e methodology of an integrated deterministic technologic-economic simulation system KARSIM 1.0 (DSM) application for cost analysis and decision-making support on farms is described in this article. Th e direct simulation model result is an individual conven...