non hodgkin lymphomas (nhl) are nodal or extra nodal monoclonal infiltrations by malignant lymphoid cells (b lymphocytes in 80% of cases), which are distinguished as indolent or aggressive forms. according to the heterogeneity of lymphoid cells and their ubiquitous anatomical distribution, these disorders can develop in any organ and have very heterogeneous clinical expressions, but they are us...

aims: the performance of the vision system as the most important sense of the body depends largely on the optimum lighting of an environment. it is one of the factors that lead to vision problems such as visual fatigue of employees. this study aimed to assess the local lighting and visual fatigue among the official staff of an automotive industry development and research center which was conduc...

background the current study aimed to determine eye care utilization, to assess the role of economic inequality in the utilization of eye care services, and to identify its determinants in shahroud, north of iran.   methods of the 6,311 invited people, 5,190 (82.24%) individuals aged 40 to 64 years old participated in the study. a history of a visit by an ophthalmologist or optometrist was cons...

background: artificial tears have been among the first line of therapy in management of dry eye syndrome (des). this study was conducted to compare a local artificial tear with an imported one in reduction of des. this comparison would help to evaluate the cost and benefits of each drop in the proper management of des. m aterials and methods: in this double-blind randomized clinical trial study...

background: conjunctivitis is the inflammation of the conjunctiva and has 4 main causes-viruses, bacteria, allergens, and irritants. among these, bacterial conjunctivitis is most common and is contagious, especially when the dentist is working with the infected person, and that person spreads the same to the other patient. methods: a pretested questionnaire survey was conducted among 152 subjec...

purpose: to report multiple astrocytic hamartomas in a patient with tuberous sclerosis (ts). patient and findings: a 16-year-old girl with ts without any ocular complaint was referred for ophthalmologic examination. she had papular rash on her face and other skin lesions elsewhere in the body which were specific for ts. multiple well-circumscribed elevated lesions characteristic of astrocytic h...

purpose : to review ocular surface abnormalities caused by exposure to mustard gas and current approaches to manage its delayed-onset complications methods : a total of 198 medical articles related to mustard gas were reviewed using known international medical databases, 114 articles were more relevant to the main aim were selected. results : mustard gas-related ocular injuries can be divided i...