BACKGROUND Phytosterols have important physiological and officinal function. METHODS An efficient ultrasonic assisted extraction, purification and crystallization procedure of phytosterols was established from corn silk for the first time. RESULTS The orthogonal test was applied to optimize the process parameters and a maximum phytosterols recovery as high as 10.5886 mg/g was achieved by ul...

This work aimed to assess the effect of some variables on the lipase extraction from the fermented medium in order to establish the experimental conditions that maximize the yield of the enzyme obtained from solid state fermentation of soybean meal and a newly isolated strain of Penicillium sp. The experimental design technique was used to investigate the effect of relevant variables on lipase ...

BACKGROUND Microalgae have the potential to rapidly accumulate lipids of high interest for the food, cosmetics, pharmaceutical and energy (e.g. biodiesel) industries. However, current lipid extraction methods show efficiency limitation and until now, extraction protocols have not been fully optimized for specific lipid compounds. The present study thus presents a novel lipid extraction method, ...

Microwave-assisted extraction was applied to extract rutin; quercetin; genistein; kaempferol; and isorhamnetin from Flos Sophorae Immaturus. Six independent variables; namely; solvent type; particle size; extraction frequency; liquid-to-solid ratio; microwave power; and extraction time were examined. Response surface methodology using a central composite design was employed to optimize experime...

This paper explores the link between status-seeking and the exploitation of a common-property exhaustible resource. The extracted resource is an input in the production of a final good. The other input is man-made capital, which is a second state variable. Extraction requires efforts. Economic agents derive utility not only from absolute consumption, but also from relative consumption, because ...

Different extraction conditions were applied to investigate the effect of temperature, extraction time and substrate-extractant ratio on pectin extraction from cocoa husks. Pectin was extracted from cocoa husks using water, citric acid at pH 2.5 or 4.0, or hydrochloric acid at pH 2.5 or 4.0. Temperature, extraction time and substrate-extractant ratio affected the yields, uronic acid contents, d...

In this study, the extraction of water-soluble polysaccharides from the seed coat of black soybean (BSCP) was investigated and optimized. A response surface methodology based on a Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to optimize the extraction conditions as follows: extraction temperature, 100°C; ratio of water to material, 22.3 mL/g; and extraction time, 133.2 min. Under these conditions, the exp...

The metabolic effects of glucagon on the heart were studied in subjects with and without coronary artery disease. In both groups, a moderate rise in the arterial glucose level occurred with practically unchanged glucose uptake by the myocardium. Myocardial oxygen extraction was also unchanged in both groups of subjects. In individuals with normal coronary arteries, myocardial extraction ratio o...

In order to reasonably use of the aristichthys nobilis scale resources, gelatin was extracted from the scales of aristichthys nobilis with the aid of ultrasonic method. The ultrasonic power, time, temperature and the ratio of material to solvent on extraction of gelatin from aristichthys nobilis scales were studied. The ultrasonic extraction conditions of gelatin from aristichthys nobilis scale...

The extraction efficiency of heavy metals from soils using three forms of gamma poly-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) as the washing agents was investigated. Controlling factors including agent concentrations, extraction time, pH, and liquid to soil ratio were evaluated to determine the optimum operational conditions. The distribution of heavy metal species in soils before and after extraction processes w...