There are numerous reports of anatomical variants of the muscles of the forearm, particularly the extensors of the wrist and hand. The abnormal deep and short radial wrist flexor (flexor carpi radialis) is rare. There are only two previously reported cases. We present the case of an anomalous 'flexor carpi radialis brevis', muscle found intra-operatively during a volar approach to the distal ra...

BACKGROUND Hereditary inclusion body myopathy (HIBM) is an autosomal recessive adult onset myopathy. It is characterized by mutations of the GNE (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase) gene. Afflicted patients have no therapeutic options. In preclinical testing, we have previously demonstrated the ability to correct GNE gene function and the safety of delivery of wild t...

Introduction Biceps brachii is described as a superficial muscle in the anterior compartment of the arm. It is a flexor of the elbow joint and a powerful supinator of the forearm. Standard anatomical textbooks describe the muscle as arising by two heads, a long and a short head arising from the supraglenoid tubercle and coracoid process of scapula, respectively. The two heads form a common bell...

UNLABELLED Study the morphology of the superficial branch of the radial nerve (SBRN) of the forearms and wrists of fresh adult human cadavers. METHODS Twenty three dissections were performed under 3.5x loupe magnification, histological sections of the nerve were obtained in 20 dissections for fascicle identification. RESULTS The SBRN emerged, in average, at 8.65cm proximal to the radial sty...

BACKGROUND In tetraplegics, thumb and finger motion traditionally has been reconstructed via orthopedic procedures. Although rarely used, nerve transfers are a viable method for reconstruction in tetraplegia. OBJECTIVE To investigate the anatomic feasibility of transferring the distal branch of the extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) to the flexor pollicis longus (FPL) nerve and to report o...

PURPOSE To describe the case of an infant who suffered bilateral transient radial nerve palsies after cardiac surgery. CLINICAL FEATURES A one-month-old baby was found to have bilateral wrist and finger drop after the removal of splints that has been applied to the right hand for 14 days and to the right hand for six days during perioperative management of Blalock-Taussig shunt surgery. The h...

OBJECTIVE To test whether the phantom limb awareness could be altered by observing mirror reflection-induced visual feedback (MVF) in unilateral forearm amputees. METHODS Ten unilateral forearm amputees were asked to perform bilateral (intact and phantom) synchronous wrist motions with and without MVF. During wrist motion, electromyographic activities in the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) an...

Lateral epicondylitis, commonly referred to as tennis elbow, is a syndrome characterized by pain over the origin of the common extensor muscles of the fingers, hand and wrist at the lateral epicondyle. Reports of 70-90% response to conservative treatment at one year have been documented in the literature though refractory cases often require surgical management. Arthroscopic treatment of latera...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate if a new tendon transfer surgical procedure that uses an implanted passive engineering mechanism for attaching multiple tendons to a single donor muscle in place of directly suturing the tendons to the muscle improves hand function in physical interaction tasks such as grasping. METHODS The tendon transfer surgery for high median ulnar pals...

Objectives. To assess the effects of intra-articular therapy on pain sensitivity in the knee and surrounding tissues in knee OA patients. Methods. Twenty-five knee OA patients with symptomatic knee OA were included in this interventional cohort study. Pressure pain thresholds (PPT) were recorded before, immediately after, and two weeks after ultrasound guided intra-articular injection of lidoca...