A key emerging insight in international economics is that the scope for quality differentiation can help to explain patterns in export prices at the level of products or firms. In this paper, a unified theoretical framework of firm heterogeneity in cost and quality is brought to bear on an expansive data set of U.S. import transaction prices collected by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). Th...

This paper incorporates export price shocks into the analysis of the effect of aid on growth. Previous analysis of the aid-growth relationship by Burnside and Dollar found that aid is more effective in raising growth the better are policies. However, this result has been criticized for being sensitive to choice of sample and for neglecting shocks. We construct export price indices using the app...

In this paper, we provide a comprehensive multivariate cointegration analysis of three parts of the steam coal value chain – export, transport and import prices. The analysis is based on a rich dataset of international coal prices; in particular, we combine data on steam coal prices with freight rates, covering the period December 2001 until August 2009 at weekly frequency. We then test whether...

We conducted preference assessments with 4 typically developing children to identify potential reinforcers and assessed the reinforcing efficacy of those stimuli. Next, we tested two predictions of economic theory: that overall consumption (reinforcers obtained) would decrease as the unit price (response requirement per reinforcer) increased and that the cost and benefit components that defined...

System dynamics modeling allows us to examine various scenarios within a complex system. By using this approach we not only learn about the response of the system to test inputs which could never be tested in the real world, but we also learn to question our assumptions about the system itself. This leads to a better understand of its workings. This paper presents a preliminary system dynamics ...

Export and import activities cannot be denied by a country in order to meet the needs of its people, as well means development, especially increase export aspect state products. Competition is something that avoided from every seizing international market share even world share. not only carried out healthy manner, sometimes an unhealthy way, such selling products at prices above price general,...

Many papers in the recent literature in open economy macroeconomics make different assumptions about the currency in which firms set their export prices when nominal prices must be pre-set. But to date, all of these studies take the currency of price setting as exogenous. This paper sets up a simple two-country general equilibrium model in which exporting firms can choose the currency in which ...