The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of different stretching exercises on the performance of the traditional Wingate test (WT). Fifteen male participants performed five WT; one for familiarization (FT), and the remaining four after no stretching (NS), static stretching (SS), dynamic stretching (DS), and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF). Stretches were target...

The time courses of interleukin (IL)-6 gene expression and protein production were examined in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs) subjected to cyclic stretching. IL-6 protein was increased even in cells without stretching. Fold changes determined by dividing the level of IL-6 protein in stretched cells by that in unstretched cells at the same sampling times indicated that IL-6 pr...

Miyahara, Y, Naito, H, Ogura, Y, Katamoto, S, and Aoki, J. Effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching and static stretching on maximal voluntary contraction. J Strength Cond Res 27(1): 195–201, 2013—This study was undertaken to investigate and compare the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching and static stretching on maximal voluntary contrac...

Stretching is a stimulation of muscle growth. Stretching for hours or days has an effect on muscle hypertrophy. However, differences of continuous stretching and repetitive stretching to affect muscle growth are not well known. To clarify the difference of continuous and repetitive stretching within a short duration, we investigated the gene expression of muscle-related genes on stretched skele...

Cyclic stretching is pivotal to maintenance of the ligaments. However, it is still not clear when ligament fibroblasts switch on expression of genes related to the mechanotransduction pathway in response to cyclic stretching. This in vitro study investigated, using ligament fibroblasts, the time-dependent changes in distribution and gene expression of beta1 integrin, the cytoskeleton, and colla...

to identify the larvicidal activities of silver nanoparticles synthesized with acanthus ilicifolius (a. ilicifolius) leaf extract against the larvae of armigeressubalbatus and aedesaegypti. in vitro larvicidal activities such as lc50 and lc90 were assessed for the a. subalbatus  and ae.aegypti larval species. further, characterization using different techniques such as uv, sem,edax, xrd and fti...

Analytical representations in the time and frequency domains are derived for the most frequently used phenomenological fit functions for non-Debye relaxation processes. In the time domain the relaxation functions corresponding to the complex frequency dependent Cole-Cole, ColeDavidson and Havriliak-Negami susceptibilities are also represented in terms of H-functions. In the frequency domain the...

The prevalence of sports injuries in martial arts is high. Most Taekwondo injuries also occur in the lower extremities. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of a period of plyometric exercises, with and without stretching exercises, on knee valgus dynamics, flexibility and functional variables of elite female taekwondo athletes at risk of anterior cruciate ligament injuries.  45 elite...

Davis, D.S., P.E. Ashby, K.L. McCale, J.A. McQuain, and J.M. Wine. The effectiveness of 3 stretching techniques on hamstring flexibility using consistent stretching parameters. J. Strength Cond. Res. 19(1):27–32. 2005.—This study compares the effects of 3 common stretching techniques on the length of the hamstring muscle group during a 4-week training program. Subjects were 19 young adults betw...