This current practices research report identifies and describes exemplary practices in providing electronic access to information. It includes an examination of the professional academic literature, a review of Web-based resources, and a study of best practices in selected organizations. The opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the au...

is the threat of coercion undermining the free giving of consent; to overcome this objection to the use of prisoners, scientists would have to show that certain rights of prisoners outside the experimental situation are not violated. Analogously, to make the case for conscription of animals, scientists would have to work to protect their rights in nonscientific contexts. Exemplary research is r...

The Branch and Bound (B&B) algorithm is one of the most used methods to solve in an exact way combinatorial optimization problems. In a previous article, we proposed a new approach of the parallel B&B algorithm for distributed systems using the farmer-worker paradigm. However, the new farmer-worker approach has a disadvantage: some nodes of the B&B tree can be explored by several B&B processes....

This paper investigates an important channel through which improved access to market information could increase the prices that producers receive from middlemen. I develop a theoretical model of trade between a farmer and a middleman which allows for the existence of different types of middlemen. The source of heterogeneity is attitudes towards fairness. I provide an empirical test of the theor...

Discrimination related to psychiatric disorders and people diagnosed with them is receiving increased interest and attention from researchers, policy makers, and the general public. There are diverse views about how best to alter and reduce what all parties agree are personally painful, socially wasteful, and morally inexcusable practices that surround people with psychiatric disorders. We repo...

This study considers a quantity discount problem between a single seller (poultry famer) and two buyers (retailers). The poultry farmer’s inventory level increases due to the increase in the weight of the fowls. The retailers purchase fresh chicken meat from the poultry farmer, the inventory levels of the retailers are therefore depleted due to the combined effects of its demand and deteriorati...

This paper uses the old Keynesian representative agent model developed by Roger E. A. Farmer [Expectations, Employment and Prices. New York: Oxford University Press (2010)] to answer two questions: (1) Do increased government purchases crowd out private consumption? (2) Do increased government purchases reduce unemployment? Farmer compared permanent tax-financed expenditure paths and showed tha...

We consider the population dynamics of two competing species sharing the same resource, which is modeled by the carrying capacity term of logistic equation. One species (farmer) increases the carrying capacity in exchange for a decreased survival rate, while the other species (exploiter) does not. As the carrying capacity is shared by both species, farmer is altruistic. The effect of continuous...