The complexity of humans' cooperative behavior cannot be fully explained by theories of kin selection and group selection. If reciprocal altruism is to provide an explanation for altruistic behavior, it would have to depart from direct reciprocity, which requires dyads of individuals to interact repeatedly. For indirect reciprocity to rationalize cooperation among genetically unrelated or even ...

The paper is a comparative study of major modeling and pattern discovery approaches applicable to the area of Bioinformatics and the area of decision support systems in general. These approaches include inductive versus transductive reasoning, global, local, and personalized modeling and their potentials are illustrated on a case study of gene expression and clinical data related to cancer outc...

Oxygen, that supports all aerobic life, is abundant in the atmosphere because of its constant regeneration by photosynthetic water oxidation, which is catalyzed by a Mn₄CaO₅ cluster in photosystem II (PS II), a multi subunit membrane protein complex. X-ray and other spectroscopy studies of the electronic and geometric structure of the Mn₄CaO₅ cluster as it advances through the intermediate stat...

The molecular oxygen produced in photosynthesis is generated via water oxidation at a manganese-calcium cluster called the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC). While studies in biophysics, biochemistry, and structural and molecular biology are well known to provide deeper insight into the structure and workings of this system, it is often less appreciated that biomimetic modelling provides the founda...

The predominant paradigm in evolutionary game theory and more generally online learning games is based on a clear distinction between population of dynamic agents that interact given fixed, static game. In this paper, we move away from the artificial divide games, to introduce analyze large class competitive settings where both they play evolve strategically over time. We focus arguably most ar...

Pente is a derivative of the Japanese game Go-moku, both of which are normally played with only two players. We extend the game of Pente to three players and study the ability of neuro-evolution via the Enforced Sub-Populations (ESP) algorithm to evolve Pente players for 7 by 7 boards capable of beating pairs of opponents taken from a set of five simple handcoded opponents. We also compare the ...

We propose a new algorithm for summarizing properties of large-scale time-evolving networks. This type of data, recording connections that come and go over time, is being generated in many modern applications, including telecommunications and on-line human social behavior. The algorithm computes a dynamic measure of how well pairs of nodes can communicate by taking account of routes through the...

Most of the main features of water oxidation in photosystem II are now well understood, including the mechanism for O-O bond formation. For the intermediate S2 and S3 structures there is also nearly complete agreement between quantum chemical modeling and experiments. Given the present high degree of consensus for these structures, it is of high interest to go back to previous suggestions conce...

The discovery of communities or interrelations in social networks has become an important area of research. The increasing amount of information available in these networks and its decreasing life-time poses tight constraints on the information processing storage of the data is often prohibited due to its sheer volume. In this paper we adapt a exible approach for community discovery offering th...