Persistent peritoneal-vaginal duct can lead to the appearance of four pathologies, depending on the degree of its obliteration: inguinoscrotal hernia, communicating hydrocele, simple hydrocele or spermatic cord cyst. Likewise, it is associated with cryptorchidism and anomalies in the development of the epididymis. We present the case of a 40-year-old male patient with a history of renal failure...

Introduction The liver is the largest gland in our body. Liver normally has a larger right lobe and a smaller left lobe. Though the tongue-like projection of the right lobe of the liver, i.e., Riedel’s lobe, is commonly found in literature, the left lobe has very few literature. In foetal life, the left lobe is nearly as large as its right and as the haematopoietic activity of the liver is assu...

Vertebrate eye formation starts during gastrulation with the determination of an eye field in the anterior ectoderm. Subsequently well-coordinated inductive events lead to the formation of a single retinal primordium in the anterior neuroectoderm and the presumptive lens placodes in the abutting head ectoderm (for review see Grainger, 1996; Jean et al., 1998). At late gastrula/early neurula sta...

The cytoarchitectonics of the telencephalon of the channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, are described as a basis for experimental analysis of telencephalic afferents and efferents. The olfactory bulb comprises: (1) an outer layer of olfactory nerve fibers, (2) a glomerular layer, (3) an external cell layer, (4) an inner fiber layer, and (5 ) an internal cell layer. The telencephalic hemisphere...

Because cone outer segments (COS) are now known to be continually renewed, I reexamined COS morphogenesis in retinas of Xenopus tadpoles (prepared by standard histologic techniques and viewed by light and electron microscopy) to clarify how COS incorporate new membrane. I observed that developing COS underwent an unexpected shape change: they were always conical, but their taper (width divided ...

INTRODUCTION: Subscapularis (SSC) tendon tear is detected in about 20-40% of the patients with rotator cuff tear during surgery. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans have been used as a diagnostic tool for predicting the presence of SSC tear. But it is difficult to diagnose the SSC tear correctly. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the significance of various preoperative MRI findings t...

A new phylogenetic system of the Noctuidae is proposed. The system should, however, be regarded as provisional because it is primarily based on only two character complexes: the male genitalia and the tympanal region. The presence of preabdominal brush-organs and the length of tibial spurs in the adult male, the presence of a ventral cervical gland and the lack of the SV 2 setae on the first ab...

r e s u m e n Se revisaron dos aproximaciones al estudio de la neurobiología del aprendizaje en peces teleósteos: lesiones cerebrales y estimulación química. Respecto al efecto de lesiones cerebrales, la literatura reporta que las ablaciones del telencéfalo producen deficiencias en habituación, mientras que las lesiones en el cerebelo afectan el condicionamiento clásico de retracción ocular y a...