Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, United Kingdom. Please address correspondence to: Prof. Stephan D. Gadola, DM, PhD, FRCP, University Hospital of Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom. E-mail: s.gadola@southampton....

Processing of lignocellulosic biomass or organic wastes produces a plethora of chemicals such as short, linear carboxylic acids, known as carboxylates, derived from anaerobic digestion. While these carboxylates have low values and are inhibitory to microbes during fermentation, they can be biologically upgraded to high-value products. In this study, we expanded our general framework for biologi...

The present study demonstrated that an omega (n)-3 fatty acid, ethyl-eicosapentaenoic acid (ethyl-EPA), supplemented diet significantly attenuated the stress/anxiety behavior of rats in the "open field" and elevated plus maze, which was induced by subchronic intracerebroventricular administration of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1beta. Ethyl-EPA also reduced the rise in serum cortic...

This study measured the possible cross-reactivity of hapten-specific IgG antibodies purified from the sera of rabbits sensitized to an albumin-acetaldehyde conjugate [N-ethyl-rabbit serum albumin (N-ethyl-RSA)] with acetaldehyde-phosphatidylethanolamine adducts. The N-ethyl-RSA was coupled to an Affigel-10 column to affinity purify the IgG (anti-N-ethyl-RSA IgG). Dioleoyl-phosphatidylethanolami...

Structural modifications of the multipotential carcinogen ethyl carbamate (urethan), CH3CH2—O---CO—-NH2, generally result in dramatic losses of carcinogenic activity, which usually have been assayed by lung adenoma induction and by initiation of skin papillomas in mice (reviewed in Refs. 12 and 20). One exception is ethyl N-hydroxycanbamate, CH3CH2— O—CO—-NHOH, a metabolite of ethyl c...

This work reports thermal stability, traction and tribofilm formation properties of three fatty acid-derived ionic liquids (FAILs) evaluates the influence chemical structure anion on indicated above. The results that stability FAILs is related with (longer alkyl chain length increases presence double bond decreases it). At high temperatures low speeds, [N 8,8,8,1 ][C 6:0 ] led to lowest values ...

Glycoluril derivatives with a carboxylic acid side chain have been synthesized and shown to bind to both avidin and streptavidin. Introduction of a valerate side chain in glycoluril led to an increased binding to both proteins only when the valerate group was bound to a N atom and with the proper stereochemistry [(+)-enantiomer]. On the other hand, introduction of the valerate side chain either...

surrounding NHS finances make an examination of the hospital in modern history both topical and relevant. With the exception of St Bartholomew's and St Thomas's in London, refounded in the 16th century, modern hospitals begin with the Westminster (1720) and Edinburgh Infirmary (1729), with provincial emulation initially in the county towns of southern and western England. Forty voluntary genera...