Breast cancer is a progressive and potentially fatal disease that affects women of all ages. Like all progressive diseases, early and reliable diagnosis is the key for successful treatment and annihilation. Biomarkers serve as indicators of pathological, physiological, or pharmacological processes. Her2/neu, CA15.3, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and cytokeratins are biomar...

BACKGROUND Estrogen exposure is a major risk factor for breast cancer. Increased estrogen responsiveness of breast epithelium may enhance this effect. We examined the relationship between breast cancer diagnosis and 1) the presence and absence of estrogen receptor expression in benign breast epithelium, 2) the level of expression and 3) its variation during the menstrual cycle, and 4) other est...

alzheimer’s disease (ad) is a disorder with multiple pathophysiological causes, destructive outcomes, and no available definitive cure. pelargonidin (pel), an anthocyanin derivative, is an estrogen receptor agonist with little estrogen side effects. this study was designed to assess pel memory enhancing effects on the a rat amyloid beta 25-35 (aβ) intrahippocampal microinjections model of ad in...

The article presents a clinical case illustrating the effectiveness of abemaciclib in combination with anastrozole metastatic estrogen receptor-positive HER2/neu-negative breast cancer (BC). CDK4/6 inhibitors have changed paradigm treatment patients hormone-positive HER2 BC. Thanks to ability palbociclib, ribociclib and delay overcome resistance endocrine therapy, not only newly diagnosed disea...

background: breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer in women. this tumor is hormone dependent tumor and oncologists use estrogen receptor (er), progesterone receptor (pr) and her2 for treatment of this malignancy. androgens like testosterone and their receptors (ar) have a role in the pathophysiology of breast cancer but their clinical values are not clear. method: ar expression was ev...

A clonogenic assay of long-term breast cancer cell cultures in vitro has been developed to provide a highly reproducible method with which to quantitate tumor cell killing by hormones and/or cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents. Monolayer cultures of estrogen receptor-positive MCF-7 human breast cancer cells and of estrogen receptor-negative Evsa T cells are harvested by treatment with 0.01% tryps...

It is well-known that the clinical outcomes are different between type 1 (estrogen dependent) and type 2 (estrogen independent) endometrial cancer. Studies have suggested that the estrogen receptor (ER) is positively correlated with endometrial cancer survival, however we previously reported that there is no difference in the positivity of ER as well as sex hormone levels between subtypes of ca...

A security architecture is a complete frame work that allows to enforce coexisting ap plication and environment speci c security policies by applying security mechanisms in a consistent manner It is argued that such a security architecture can be derived smoothly from an object oriented architec ture such as BirliX BirliX applications run on an abstract ma chine that provides types and instance...

The presence of estrogen receptor in 67 canine mammary lesions was correlated with pathological features of the dis ease. All tissue specimens were analyzed for estrogen receptor content by a sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation method pre viously used in analyzing human breast cancer cytosols. Patho logical features of the tissues were assessed by a veterinary pathologist without knowledge of ...

background : breast cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies among iranian women. triple-negative breast cancer (tnbc) is referred to a type of breast cancer which three biomarkers of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (her2), are negative. materials and methods: in this case control study, immunohistopathologic data of patients with tn...