This paper addresses the optimal design and planning of sustainable chemical supply chains (SCs) in the presence of uncertainty in the damage model used to evaluate their environmental performance. The environmental damage is assessed through the Eco-indicator 99, which includes the recent advances made in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). The overall problem is formulated as a bi-criterion stochast...

Current systems and architectures in the domains of distributed and embedded computing are complex, respond badly to many application needs, and are not easily specialisable to better support a given application or host platform. This leads to a proliferation of non-reusable ad-hoc solutions. Our goal is to develop a exible, object-oriented virtual execution environment (VEE), dynamically speci...

One of the most challenging issues in multi-objective problems is finding Pareto optimal points. This paper describes an algorithm based on Benders Decomposition Algorithm (BDA) which tries to find Pareto solutions. For this aim, a multi-objective facility location allocation model is proposed. In this case, an integrated BDA and epsilon constraint method are proposed and it is shown that how P...

Mesenteronal infection and transmission thresholds for several Middle American epizootic and enzootic Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) viruses were evaluated in field-collected (Guatemala) and colonized individuals of the enzootic vector mosquito Culex (Melanoconion) taeniopus. Approximate thresholds for 3 epizootic, hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) subtype I-AB strains were 10 chick e...

For a connected reductive group $G$ defined over $\mathbb{F}_q$ and equipped with the induced Frobenius endomorphism $F$, we study relation among following three $\mathbb{Z}$-algebras: (i) $\mathbb{Z}$-model $\mathsf{E}_G$ of algebras Gelfand-Graev representations $G^F$; (ii) Grothendieck $\mathsf{K}_{G^\ast}$ category $G^{\ast F^\ast}$ $\overline{\mathbb{F}_q}$ (Deligne-Lusztig dual side); (ii...

Exposure of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) virus (at -70 C) to 6 x 10 r gamma-radiation (Co) resulted in loss of lethality for young adult mice and guinea pigs, and loss of capacity to produce plaques or cytopathic effects in tissue culture. The suckling mouse was more sensitive for detecting live virus in radiated suspensions than was the adult mouse or guinea pig. Live virus was de...

In this paper, the study of vague structures of Γ-semigroups is initiated by introducing the concepts of vague subsemigroup, vague bi-ideal and vague (1, 2)-ideal in a Γ-semigroup and some fundamental results are obtained. Then the concept of vague weakly completely prime ideals in Γ-semigroups has been introduced and studied directly and via operator semigroups

In this paper, we study the concept of an interval valued fuzzy bi-interior ideal. We investigate properties ideal in semigroups. characterize a regular semigroup terms

Let $$G = (V,E)$$ be a connected simple graph of order p and size q. A G is called local antimagic if admits labeling. bijection $$f \colon E \to \{1,2,\ldots,q\}$$ labeling for any two adjacent vertices $$u$$ $$v$$ , we have $$f^+(u) \ne f^+(v)$$ where \sum_{e\in E(u)} f(e)$$ $$E(u)$$ the set edges incident to . Thus, induces proper vertex coloring assigned color $$f^+(v)$$ The chromatic numbe...