Circulating tumor cells can be detected from the peripheral blood of cancer patients. Their prognostic value has been established in the last 10 years for metastatic colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer. On the contrary their presence in patients affected by sarcomas has been poorly investigated. The discovery of EpCAM mRNA expression in different sarcoma cell lines and in a small cohort of ...

How the intestinal tract develops a tolerance to foreign antigens is still largely unknown. Here we report that extracellular vesicles (EVs) with TGF-β1-dependent immunosuppressive activity are produced by intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) under physiological conditions. Transfer of these EVs into inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) mice induced by dextran sulfate sodium salt decreases IBD severi...

Aim: Catumaxomab (CATU) is a trifunctional monoclonal antibody approved in the European community for the treatment (Tx) of malignant ascites (MA) related to various carcinomas expressing the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM). Recently, the majority of CATU treatments is performed in a hospital. We report on our single-institution experience with an outpatient CATU Tx in patients (pts) ...

Eubacterium angustum DSM 1989T (MK-1) is a strictly anaerobic and uric acid-, xanthine-, and guanine-fermenting organism isolated from sewage sludge. The draft genome consists of one circular chromosome (2.4 Mb) and harbors 2,397 predicted protein-encoding genes.

EpCam is a transmembrane epithelial adhesion molecule present on all non-squamous epithelial cells. It is often overexpressed in certain carcinomas, such as breast and colon, and in dermatology, eg, basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Various monoclonal antibodies have been used to detect EpCam, including BerEP4 and epithelial specific antigen. We compared anti-EpCam clones, BerEP4, and epithelial spec...

AIM To compare the capacity of newly developed epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted immune magnetic liposomes (EILs) vs epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) immunomagnetic beads to capture colorectal circulating tumor cells (CTCs). METHODS EILs were prepared using a two-step method, and the magnetic and surface characteristics were confirmed. The efficiency of capturing color...

A potent immunotoxin was formed by conjugating the murine monoclonal antibody 323/A3 to the A chain of ricin. The 323/A3 antibody recognizes an antigen expressed by most human breast cancers. When binding of 323/A3 is examined by enzyme-linked immunosorption assay, three human breast cell lines displayed strong binding, whereas two human breast cell lines and three non-breast cell lines display...

Insufficient penetration of therapeutic agents into tumor tissues results in inadequate drug distribution and lower intracellular concentration of drugs, leading to the increase of drug resistance and resultant failure of cancer treatment. Targeted drug delivery to solid tumors followed by complete drug penetration and durable retention will significantly improve clinical outcomes of cancer the...

CONTEXT The separation of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, oncocytoma, and clear cell renal cell carcinoma using light microscopy remains problematic in some cases. OBJECTIVE To determine a practical immunohistochemical panel for the differential diagnosis of chromophobe carcinoma. DESIGN Vimentin, glutathione S-transferase alpha (GST-alpha), CD10, CD117, cytokeratin (CK) 7, and epithelial...