Internet databases of small molecules, their enzymatic reactions, and metabolism have emerged as useful tools in food science. Database searching is also introduced as part of chemistry or enzymology courses for food technology students. Such resources support the search for information about single compounds and facilitate the introduction of secondary analyses of large datasets. Information c...

ne of the important issues in molecular biology is the three-dimensional structure (shape) of proteins and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in solution in the cell and the relationship between structure and function. Ordinarily, protein and DNA structure is determined by X-ray crystallography or electron microscopy. Because of the close packing needed for crystallization and the manipulation require...

A parallel approach to designing crystallization constructs for the c-FMS kinase domain was implemented, resulting in proteins suitable for structural studies. Sequence alignment and limited proteolysis were used to identify and eliminate unstructured and surface-exposed domains. A small library of chimeras was prepared in which the kinase insert domain of FMS was replaced with the kinase inser...

Hyaluronidase1 (HYAL1) is a hydrolytic enzyme that degrades hyaluronic acid (HA) and has three predicted N-glycosylation sites at Asn(99), Asn(216), and Asn(350). In this report, we show the functional significance of N-glycosylation on HYAL1 functions. Using mass spectrometry, we demonstrated that HYAL1 was N-glycosylated at the three asparagine residues. N-glycosylation of HYAL1 is important ...

Elucidating the relationship between the folding landscape of enzymes and their catalytic power has been one of the challenges of modern enzymology. The present work explores this issue by using a simplified folding model to generate the free-energy landscape of an enzyme and then to evaluate the activation barriers for the chemical step in different regions of the landscape. This approach is u...

Digestive enzymatic activity in three geographic strains (Miandiab, Kalposh and Moghan regions) of Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) reared on different sugar beet cultivars (Dorothea, Rozier, Persia and Perimer) was studied under laboratory conditions (25 ± 1 °C, 65 ± 5% RH, and a photo period of 16:8 (L:D) h photoperiod). The results of this study demonstrated that digestive...

The simultaneous extraction and enzymatic hydrolysis of sinapine from a mustard residue was designed for the recovery sinapic acid, high value-added phenolic acid. An initial screening allowed identification sinapoyl esterase activities in commercial cocktails (Depol 740 L, Ultraflo XL, Deltazym VR AC-100, Pectinase-PL “Amano”) mono-enzymatic solution rumen feruloyl esterase. These were not ver...

Degradation of Polysorbate 20 (PS20), a commonly used surfactant in drug product (DP) formulations, is phenomenon increasing concern to the biopharmaceutical industry. One most prevalent modes PS20 degradation enzymatic hydrolysis resulting from co-purified hydrolases that make their way into biologic DP formulations at trace levels. Enzymatic results generation free fatty acids (FFAs) have lim...

This research was carried out to study the effect of ageing on antioxidant and biochemical changes of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seeds. The experiment laid out in completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications in Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd Branch, Boroujerd, Iran in 2015. The seeds of wheat (cv Sardari) were harvested at maturity and ageing treatments were done at 43° C wit...

invert sugar is the result of sucrose of hydrolysis of sucrose by acid or enzyme, that is, the splitting of sucrose molecules into their glucose and fructose components.invert sugar is used in different industries such as; food industry, soft drinks and pharmaceutical, due to its special characteristics such as; sweetness level, moisture ability’s property, crystallization level and special tas...