The paper sets to investigate the amount of variation between the North Sami speakers living in two different majority language contexts: Finnish, spoken in Finland, and Norwegian Bokmål, spoken in Norway. We hypothesize that the majority language is a significant factor in recognizing variation of the North Sami language. Although North Sami is the biggest of the nine currently spoken Sami lan...

OBJECTIVE To quantitatively measure hepatic fibrosis on gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients and identify the correlations with aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) and fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4) values. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study on gadoxetic acid-enhanced 3T MR imaging included 81 patients with CHB infection. To quant...

We use low-cost hole-mask colloidal nanolithography to manufacture large-area resonant split-ring metamaterials and measure their infrared optical properties. This novel substrate is employed for antenna-assisted surface-enhanced infrared absorption measurements using octadecanethiol (ODT) and deuterated ODT, which demonstrates easy adjustability of our material to vibrational modes. Our method...

in this paper, convection heat transfer of al2o3-water nanofluid turbulent flow through internally ribbed tubes with different rib shapes (rectangular, trapezoidal and semi-circular) is numerically investigated. for each rib shape, the optimum geometric ratio and volume fraction were calculated using entropy generation minimization technique. the governing equations in steady state and axisymme...

the main aim of this paper is to find the optimum shape of arch dams subjected to multiple natural frequency constraints by using an efficient methodology. the optimization is carried out by charged system search algorithm and its enhanced version. computing the natural frequencies by finite element analysis (fea) during the optimization process is time consuming. in order to reduce the computa...