The gastrointestinal tract harbors its own intrinsic nervous system, the enteric system (ENS). Nutrients, such as glucose, fatty acids, or amino indirectly modulate physiology of ENS. Moreover, recent studies have shown that gut microbiota is a key regulator ENS and development. Although most development occurs in utero, is, an environment devoid microbiota, maternal could influence offspring’s...

The avian enteric nervous system (ENS) consists of a vast number of unusually small ganglia compared to other peripheral ganglia. Each ENS ganglion at mid-gestation has a core of neurons and a shell of mesenchymal precursor/glia-like enteric neural crest (ENC) cells. To study ENS cell ganglionation we isolated midgut ENS cells by HNK-1 fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) from E5 and E8 q...

AIMS To review studies using electrical neural stimulation (ENS), to treat children with non-neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunctions (LUTD), and to establish the efficacy of this treatment. METHODS This review was based on an electronic search of the MEDLINE database and the Cochrane Central Search library, from January 1990 to March 2010. INCLUSION CRITERIA (1) participants aged 0-17 y...

the chick model is a useful research tool to investigate the development of the enteric nervous system (ens). recognition of appropriate markers for detection of chick enteric ganglia will allow better utilization of this model to study abnormalities of the ens. this study aimed to validate a set of antibodies for avian ens studies on wax sections. the specimens were taken from jejunum and colo...

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is essential for the absorption of nutrients, induction of mucosal and systemic immune responses, and maintenance of a healthy gut microbiota. Key aspects of gastrointestinal physiology are controlled by the enteric nervous system (ENS), which is composed of neurons and glial cells. The ENS is exposed to and interacts with the outer (microbiota, metabolites, and ...

A major challenge in developing an e-negotiation system (ENS) is that the context of negotiations such as negotiators’ characteristics, negotiation processes, negotiation rules, and social implication are different case-by-case. This context dependency makes it difficult to develop a general ENS applicable to wide variety of negotiation problems. In this paper, in order to mitigate the context ...

Acquired or congenital disruption in enteric nervous system (ENS) development or function can lead to significant mechanical dysmotility. ENS restoration through cellular transplantation may provide a cure for enteric neuropathies. We have previously generated human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived tissue-engineered small intestine (TESI) from human intestinal organoids (HIOs). However, HIO...

OBJECTIVES To detail empty nose syndrome (ENS), an iatrogenic disorder characterized by a patent airway but a subjective sense of poor nasal breathing, and to explore repair options for patients with ENS. DESIGN A case series of 8 patients with ENS detailing symptoms before and after submucosal implantation of acellular dermis. SETTING Academic medical center. PATIENTS Subjects who were e...