In this paper we study a cost allocation problem that is inherent to most energy networks: the allocation of losses. In particular, we study how to allocate gas losses between haulers in gas transmission networks. We discuss four allocation rules, two of them have already been in place in real networks and two others that are defined for the first time in this paper. We then present a comparati...

It is shown that to leading order the collisional energy loss of an energetic parton in the hot quark gluon plasma reads dE/dx ∼ α(m2D)T , where the scale of the coupling is determined by the (parametrically soft) Debye screening mass. Compared to previous expressions derived by Bjorken and other authors, dE/dx ∼ αT 2 ln(ET/m2D), the rectified result takes into account the running of the coupli...

An actual infinity of colliding balls can be in a configuration in which the laws of mechanics lead to logical inconsistency. It is argued that one should therefore limit the domain of these laws to a finite, or only a potentially infinite number of elements. With this restriction indeterminism, energy nonconservation and creatio ex nihilo no longer occur. A numerical analysis of finite systems...

The relation between the multiplicity growth and the energy loss spectrum of an incident particle, as implied by Poisson emission with a classical spectrum, appears to be obeyed experimentally in PP collisions. (Submitted to Phys. Rev. Letters) * Work supported by the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission. The Brookhaven experiments’ on the behavior of the final proton in highly inelastic PP collision...

Electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) is an analytical technique that measures the change in kinetic energy of electrons after they have interacted with a specimen. When carried out in a modern transmission electron microscope, EELS is capable of giving structural and chemical information about a solid, with a spatial resolution down to the atomic level in favourable cases. The energy resolu...

Abstract. A formula is given for the variation of the Hawking energy along any oneparameter foliation of compact spatial 2-surfaces. A surface for which one null expansion is positive and the other negative has a preferred orientation, with a spatial or null normal direction being called outgoing or ingoing as the area increases or decreases respectively. A natural way to propagate such a surfa...

Using silicon photodiodes with an ultrathin passivation layer, the average total energy lost to silicon target electrons (electronic stopping) by incident low energy ions and the recoil target atoms they generate is directly measured. We find that the total electronic energy deposition and the ratio of the total nuclear to electronic stopping powers for the incident ions and their recoils each ...